ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
بررسی فاکتورهای بیماریزایی جدایههای Erwinia amylovora بدست آمده از استان سمنان و ارزیابی مقاومت بافت شکوفه و میوه نارس ارقام مختلف گلابی به بیماری آتشک
هم اکنون بیماری آتشک یکی از مهمترین بیماریهای درختان میوه دانهدار در کشور محسوب میشود. در این پژوهش، 68 جدایه از سه میزبان گلابی، بِه و سیب از مناطق مختلف استان سمنان جمعآوری گردید. آزمونهای فنوتیپی، تغذیهای و مولکولی با استفاده از پلاسمید pEA29 باکتری انجام پذیرفت. فاکتورهای بیماریزایی شامل آمیلووران، سیدروفور و بیوفیلم در تمام جدایهها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین حساسیت و مقاومت بافت شکوفه و میوه نارس هشت رقم گلابی (شامل چهار رقم خارجی و چهار رقم بومی) سنجیده شد. نتایج نشان داد جدایهها گرم و اُکسیداز منفی، کاتالاز مثبت و از نوع بیهوازی اختیاری بودند. جدایهها قادر به ایجاد واکنش فوق حساسیت در توتون و تولید لوان بودند ولی هیچ یک از جدایهها قادر به تولید رنگدانه فلورسنت بر روی محیط کشت کینگ ب و رشد در ۳۹ درجه سانتیگراد نبودند. نتایج نشان داد از میان 68 استرین جمع آوری شده 52 جدایه متعلق به باکتری Erwinia amylovora بود. نتایج بیانگر آن بود جدایه D 43 که از میزبان بِه و از منطقه دیباج (دامغان) جداسازی شده بود، دارای بیشترین توان بیماریزایی بود. تمامی 52 جدایه مورد بررسی قطعه 1000 جفت بازی پلاسمید pEA29 را تکثیر نمودند. نتایج بررسیهای فاکتورهای بیماریزایی بر روی جدایهها نشان داد که صرف نظر از میزبان و مکان جغرافیایی، بین دو فاکتور آمیلووران و سیدروفور ارتباط معنیداری وجود داشت. نتایج بررسی حساسیت روی بافت شکوفه و میوه نارس با یکدیگر متفاوت بود، بطوری که بیشترین مقاومت به بیماری آتشک در شکوفه ارقام گلابی درگزی و اسپادوناو در مورد میوه نارس برای ارقام گلابی دوکومیس و چینی حصار ثبت گردید.
https://plantprotection.scu.ac.ir/article_16578_b90f33e93d4c43900f96b355175c881f.pdf
2021-01-20
1
17
10.22055/ppr.2021.16578
آمیلووران
درختان میوه دانهدار
سیدروفور
مهدی
اخلاقی
mahdi.akhlaghi66@gmail.com
1
دانش آموخته مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان
LEAD_AUTHOR
وحیده
رفیعی
v.rafiei@areeo.ac.ir
2
استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان
AUTHOR
علیرضا
برجسته
3
استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان
AUTHOR
محمدرضا
عالی منش
alymanesh@gmail.com
4
استادیار دانشگاه ایلام
AUTHOR
احمد
دزیانیان
dezianian@yahoo.com
5
استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان سمنان
AUTHOR
Afunian, M.R., Mohammadi, M., and Rahimian, H. 2000. Phenotypic characterization of Iranian strain of Erwinia amylovora the causal agent of fire blight disease pome tree. Iranian Journal Agricultural Sciences, 31(3): 463-476 (In Farsi with English summary).
1
Akhlaghi, M., Tarighi, S., and Taheri, P. 2018. Evaluating antibacterial effect of plant extracts against Erwinia amylovora and their role in resistance induction in pear. Biological control of pests and plant diseases, 7(2): 31-47 (In Farsi with English summary).
2
Bereswill, S., Pahl, A., Bellemann, P., Zeller, W., and Geider, K. 1992. Sensitive and species-specific detection of Erwinia amylovora by PCR-analysis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 58: 3522-6.
3
Dye, D.W. 1968. A taxonomic study of the genus Erwinia, The amylovora group. Journal of Agricultural Science, 11: 590-607.
4
Ebadi, A., Erfani, J., Abdollahi, H., and Fattahi Moghaddam, J. 2014. Investigation of changes in antioxidantenzyme and total phenol level in some pear cultivars inoculated with fire blight disease. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 45(2): 127-136 (In Farsi with English summary).
5
Expert, D., Dellagi, A., and Kachadourian, R. 2000. Iron and fire blight: role in pathogenicity of desferrioxamine E, the main siderophore of Erwinia amylovora. InVanneste, J., (Eds.), Fire blight: the disease and its causative agent Erwinia amylovora. CABI Publishing, New York, N.Y. pp. 179-195.
6
Fischer, T.C., Gosch, C., Mirbeth, B., Gselmann, M., Thallmair, V., and Stich, K. 2012. Potent and specific bactericidal effect of juglone (5-hydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone) on the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 60(49): 12074-12081.
7
Falkenstein, H., Bellemann, P., Walter, S., Zeller, W., and Geider, K. 1988. Identification of Erwinia amylovora, the fire blight pathogen, by colony hybridization with DNA from plasmid pEA29. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 54: 2798-2802.
8
Geier, G., and Geider, K. 1993. Characterization and influence on virulence of the levansucrase gene from the fire blight pathogen. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 42(6): 387-404.
9
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10
Gusberti, M., Klemm, U., Meier, M.S., Maurhofer, M., and Hunger-Glaser, I. 2015. Fire Blight Control: The Struggle Goes On. A Comparison of Different Fire Blight Control Methods in Switzerland with Respect to Biosafety, Efficacy and Durability. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12: 11422-11447.
11
Hugh, R., and Leifson, E. 1953. The taxonomic significance of fermentative versus oxidative methabolism of carbohydrates by various gram negative bacteria. Journal of Bacteriology, 66: 24-26.
12
Iakimova, E.T., Sobiczewski, P., Michalczuk, L., Wegrzynowicz-Lesiak, E., Mikici-nski, A., and Woltering, E.J. 2013. Morphological and biochemical characterization of Erwinia amylovora induced hypersensitive cell death in apple leaves. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 63: 292-305.
13
Khan, M.A., Zhao, Y., and Korban, S.S. 2012. Molecular Mechanisms of Pathogenesis and Resistance to the Bacterial Pathogen Erwinia amylovora, Causal Agent of Fire Blight Disease in Rosaceae. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 30: 247-260.
14
Klement, Z., Farkas, G.L., and Lovrekovich, L. 1964. Hypersensitive reaction induced by Phytopathogenic bacteria in the tobacco leaf. Phytopathology, 54: 474-477.
15
Koczan, J.M., Lenneman, B.R., McGrath, M.J., and Sundin, G.W. 2011. Cell surface attachment structures contribute to biofilm formation and xylem colonization by Erwinia amylovora. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77: 7031-7039.
16
Kovacs, N. 1956. Identification of Pseudomonas pyocyanea by the oxidase reaction. Nature, Lond, 178.
17
Lee, S.A., Ngugi, H.K., Halbrendt, N.O., Keefe, G., Lehman, B., Travis, J.W., Sinn, J.P., and McNellis, T.W. 2010. Virulence characteristics accounting for fire blight disease severity in apple trees and seedlings. Phytopathology, 100: 539-550.
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Maes, M., Orye, K., Bobev, S., Devreese, B., Van Beeumen, J., De Bruyn, A., Busson, R., Herdewijn, P., Morreel, K., and Messens, E. 2001. Influence of amylovoran production on virulence of Erwinia amylovora and a different amylovoran structure in E. amylovora isolates from Rubus. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 107: 839-844.
20
Moarrefzadeh, N. Mohamadi, M., Sharifitehrani, A., and Zakeri, Z. 2009. Evaluation of the effectiveness of some serological and PCR-based methods for detecting bacteria in the fire blight agent of pome fruit trees. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Sciences, 40(1): 55-64 (In Farsi with English summary).
21
Mohammadi, M. 2010. Enhanced colonization and pathogenicity of Erwinia amylovora strains transformed with the near-ubiquitous pEA29 plasmid on pear and apple. Plant Pathology, 59: 252-261.
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Moslemkhani, K., Hemati, M., Hajnajari, H., and Aminkhaki, S. 2015. Investigating the Inheritance of Erwinia amylovora in Apple trees without symptoms of disease. Journal of Plant Protection, 29(2): 206-210 (In Farsi with English summary).
23
Ommati, F., and Zaker, M. 2015. Role of Infected Plant Parts in Development and Survival of Fire Blight of Pome Fruits. Applied research in plant protection, 3(2): 57-98 (In Farsi with English summary).
24
Parceya, M., Gaydera, S., Morley-Senklerc, V., Bakkerenc, G., Úrbez-Torresc, J.R., Ali, S., Castlee, A.J., and Svircevb, M.A. 2020. Comparative genomic analysis of Erwinia amylovora reveals novel insights in phylogenetic arrangement, plasmid diversity, and streptomycin resistance. Genomics, 112: 3762-3772.
25
Tavakolbakhoda, S., and Taghavi, S.M. 2010. Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Erwinia amylovora isolates from different hosts in Shiraz. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Sciences, 41(1): 29-40 (In Farsi with English summary).
26
Schaad, N.W., Jones, J.B., and Chun, W. 2001. Laboratory guide for identification of plant pathogenic bacteria 3rd ed., The American Phytopathology Society Press, St. Paul, MN, USA. 373 pp.
27
Smits, T.H.,and Duffy, B. 2011. Genomics of iron acquisition in the plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora: insights in the biosynthetic pathway of the siderophore desferrioxamine E. Archives of Microbiology, 193: 693-9.
28
Vanneste, J.L. and Expert, D. 1990. Detection of an iron uptake system in E. amylovora. Acta Horticulturae, 273: 249-253.
29
Vrancken, K., Holtappels, M., Schoofs, H., Deckers, T., and Valcke, R. Pathogenicity and infection strategies of the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora in Rosaceae: State of the art. Microbiology, 159: 823-832.
30
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32
Zhao, Y., Wang, D., Nakka, S., Sundin, G.W., and S. S. Korban. 2009. Systems level analysis of two-component signal transduction systems in Erwinia amylovora: Role in virulence, regulation of amylovoran biosynthesis and swarming motility. BMC Genomics, 245: 1-16.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
شناسایی و بررسی تنوع ژنوتیپی جدایه های Erwinia amylovora عامل باکتریایی آتشک درختان دانهدار در استان همدان
بیماری آتشک سیب و گلابی یکی از مهمترین و مخربترین بیماریهای درختان میوه دانهدار است که هرساله خسارات فراوانی را به باغات میوه وارد می نماید. جهت شناسایی و تعیین تنوع ژنوتیپی عامل بیماری آتشک، نمونههای دارای علائم مشکوک به آتشک از باغات درختان میوه دانهدار جمعآوری گردید. درمجموع تعداد 34 جدایه جداسازی و با توجه به نتایج آزمونهای فنوتیپی، بیوشیمیایی، بیماریزایی و استفاده از آغازگرهای اختصاصی Ea71، بهعنوان Erwinia amylovora شناسایی شدند. بهمنظور بررسی تنوع ژنوتیپی جدایههای عامل بیماری، از آزمون rep-PCR با استفاده از آغازگرهای ERIC و BOX استفاده شد. با توجه به واکاوی دادههای حاصل از rep-PCR، جدایهها در سطح 77 درصد به سه گروه تقسیم شدند. همچنین بر اساس تجزیهوتحلیل عددی دادههای حاصل از بررسی تنوع فنوتیپی و بیوشیمیایی توسط نرمافزار Ntsys-pc 2.02، جدایهها در سطح 89 درصد باهم شباهت نشان دادند و جدایههای بهدستآمده از یک میزبان و یک منطقه در یک گروه و یا گروههای بسیار نزدیک به هم قرار گرفتند. بهطورکلی نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که جدایههای باکتری E. amylovora، یکنواخت بوده و شباهت خیلی بالایی با یکدیگر دارند.
https://plantprotection.scu.ac.ir/article_16635_75546af468a700e60e5cf5530752fe5a.pdf
2021-01-20
19
34
10.22055/ppr.2021.16635
آتشک
اروینیا آمیلوورا
سیب
فنوتیپ
ژنوتیپ
مصطفی
درویشنیا
mdarvishnia44@yahoo.com
1
دانشیار دانشگاه لرستان
LEAD_AUTHOR
حسین
میرزایی نجفقلی
mirzaeih89@gmail.com
2
استادیار دانشگاه لرستان
AUTHOR
میلاد
آئینی
m.aeini@scu.ac.ir
3
استادیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
امین
جوشقانی
jaminjoshaghani@gmail.com
4
دانشآموخته کارشناسیارشد دانشگاه لرستان
AUTHOR
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2
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3
Bereswill, S., Pahl, A., Bellemann, P., Zeller, W., and Geider, K. 1992. Sensitive and species-specific detection of Erwinia amylovora by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 58: 3522-3526.
4
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14
Klement, Z., Fakas, G.L., and Loverkovich, L. 1964. Hypersensitive reaction induced by pathogenic bacteria in the tobacco leaf. Phytopathology, 54: 474-477
15
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21
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31
Taylor, R., Guilford, P., Clark, R., Hale, C., and Forster, R. 2001. Detection of Erwinia amylovora in plant material using novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 29: 35-43.
32
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر دما بر پارامترهای جدول زندگی زنبور (Eretmocerus delhiensis (Hym.: Aphelinidae، پارازیتوئید (Neomaskellia andropogonis (Hem.: Aleyrodidae
رشد، تولید مثل و پارامترهای جدول زندگی زنبور پارازیتوئید Eretmocerus delhiensis Mani روی سفید بالک نیشکر، Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett در دماهای 20 ، 25، 30 و 32 درجه سلسیوس مطالعه شد. دورۀ رشد از تخم تا حشره کامل از 0/46±24/2 روز در 20 درجه به 0/33±10/7 روز در 32 درجه سلسیوس کاهش یافت. در دماهای بالاتر از آستانه پائین دمایی (11/25 درجه سلسیوس)، به طور میانگین به 250 روز- درجه برای کامل شدن دورۀ رشد نیاز بود. میزان بقاء مراحل نابالغ در چهار دمای 20، 25، 30 و 32 درجه سلسیوس به ترتیب 0/41±77/76، 0/38±37/33، 0/82±74/99 و 1/07±59/45 درصد بود. در دماهای مذکور پارازیتوئیدهای ماده E. delhiensis به طور میانگین 1/48±56/66، 3/24±82/80 ،93/60±18/0 و 0/490±8/46 تخم گذاشتند و میانگین عمر آنها به ترتیب 0/55±23/80، 0/54±17/33، 0/28±6/66 و 0/22±4/43 روز بود. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت دامنهای از 0/01±0/156 تا 0/02±0/234 ماده/ ماده / روز داشت و بیشترین مقدار در 25 درجه سلسیوس ثبت شد. در بررسیهای تکمیلی میتوان از این اطلاعات برای تولید انبوه زنبور E. delhiensis و همچنین توسعه مدلهای شبیه سازی با هدف افزایش کارایی در رهاسازی این پارازیتوئید استفاده نمود.
https://plantprotection.scu.ac.ir/article_16665_ea08f4e626a284cf378309b002155d5e.pdf
2021-01-20
35
44
10.22055/ppr.2021.16665
Eretmocerus delhiensis
Nepmaskellia andropogonis
زیست شناسی
پارامترهای جدول زندگی
نیشکر
امیر
خادمپور
1
دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
پرویز
شیشه بر
pshishehbor@scu.ac.ir
2
استاد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
آرش
راسخ
arshrasekh@gmail.com
3
استاد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Ahmadi, K., Gholizadeh, H., Ebadzadeh, H.R., Hoseinpoor, R., Abdeshah, H., Kazemian, A., and Rafii, M. 2017. Agricultural statistics: agricultural season (2015-2016). Volume 1 Field crops. Ministry of Agriculture-Jihad. 177pp.
1
Ardeh, M.J. 2005. Whitfly control potential of Eretmocerus parasitoids with different reproductive modes. Ph.D. dissertation. Wageningen University. The Netherlands.
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3
Askarianzadeh, A., and Manzari, S. 2006. Neomaskellia andropogonis (Hem.: Aleyrodidae), a new genus and species recorded from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 26(1): 13-14.
4
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Ebrahimifar, J., Jamshidnia, A., and Allahyari, H. 2016. Life table parameters of parasitoid wasp Eretmocerus delhiensis Mani on greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes waporariorum Westwood. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection, 47(1): 21-29 (In Farsi with English abstract).
10
Ebrahimifar, J., Jamshidnia, A., and Allahyari, H. 2017. Study of some biological and host feeding characteristics of parasitoid wasp, Eretmocerus delhiensis on greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes waporariorum. Biological Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 5(2): 193- 200 (In Farsi with English abstract).
11
Ebrahimifar, J., Jamshidnia, A., and Allahyari, H. 2017. Functional response of Eretmocerus delhiensis on Trialeurodes waporariorum by parasitism and host feeding. Journal of Insect Science, 17(1): 56.
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Gerling, D., 1990. Natural enemies of whiteflies: predators and parasitoids. In: Gerling, D. (Ed.), Whiteflies: Their Bionomics, Pest Status and Management. Intercept, Andover, UK. pp. 147-186.
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Ghahari, H., Huang, J., and Wang, Z. 2005. Biology of a thelytokous biotype of Eretmocerus mundus (Hymenptera: Aphelinidae) on Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Insect Science, 12: 461-465.
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Khadempour, A. 2014. Investigation on biological characteristics of the parasitoid Eretmocerus delhiensis Mani (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) parasitizing sugarcane whitefly, Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). M.Sc. Thesis. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Malekmohammadi, A., Shishebor, P., and Kocheili, F. 2012. Influence of constant temperatures on development, reproduction and life table parameters of Encarsia inaron (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) parasitizing Neomaskellia andropogonis (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Crop Protection, 34: 1-5.
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Malekmohammadi, A., Shishebor, P., and Kocheili, F. 2013. Influence of temperature on biology and life table parameters of sugarcane whitefly Neomaskellia andropogonis. Iranian journal of plant protection science, 44(1): 41-49.
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20
Minaeimoghadam, M., Shishehbor, P., Soleimannejadian, A., and Askarianzadeh, A. 2009. Biology of sugarcane whitefly Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett (Hom.: Aleyrodidae) on four sugarcane cultivars under laboratory conditions. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 32: 49-56.
21
Minaeimoghadam, M., Shishehbor, P., Soleimannejadian, A., and Askarianzadeh, A. 2010. Seasonal population dynamics of sugarcane whitefly, Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett (Hom.: Aleyrodidae) in south of Khuzastan. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 32: 15-24.
22
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Powell, D.A., and Bellows, T.S.Jr. 1992. Development and reproduction of two populations of Eretmocerus species (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) on Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Environmental Entomology, 21: 651-658.
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25
Rose, M., and Zolnerowich, G. 1997. Eretmocerus Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) in the United States, with descriptions of new species attacking Bemisia (tabaci complex) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 99: 1-27.
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SAS Institute. 1997. SAS/STAT user Guide. Version 6.9 cary. N.C.
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Sengonca, C., Uygun, N., Ulusoy, M. R., and Kersting, U. 1994. Parasite-host relationship between Eretmocerus debachi Rose and Rosen (Hym., Aphelinidae) and Parabemisia myricae (Kuwana) (Hom., Aleyrodidae). Journal of Plant Disease and Protection, 101(5): 527-533.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ارزیابی پرآزاری جدایههای Ascochyta rabiei روی ارقام مختلف نخود و تأثیر آنها بر برخی صفات عملکردی
این پژوهش به منظور بررسی پرآزاری جدایه های Ascochyta rabiei، عامل بیماری برق زدگی نخود، در استانهای غربی کشور روی سه رقم افتراقی نخود انجام شد. همچنین اثر جدایه های عامل بیماری روی برخی صفات عملکردی نخود در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه بررسی شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده ها نشان داد که اثر جدایه، رقم و اثر متقابل رقم و جدایه بر همهی صفات اندازه گیری شده در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی دار می باشد. بین ارقام آزمایشی بر اساس تجزیه و تحلیل شاخص های رشدی گیاه شامل (وزن صد دانه، تعداد غلاف در هر بوته، تعداد شاخه های اصلی و فرعی در هر بوته، ارتفاع گیاه، وزن تر و خشک اندام های هوایی و وزن تر و خشک ریشه) در سطح احتمال پنج درصد اختلاف معنیداری مشاهده شد. رقم ILC482 با میانگین 35 گرم وزن صد دانه، بیشترین عملکرد دانه را داشت. صفات تعداد غلاف در بوته و وزن صد دانه در مقایسه با شاهد بیشتر از سایر صفات عملکردی تحت تأثیر بیماری برق زدگی قرار گرفتند. ارزیابی شدت بیماری روی ارقام آزمایشی حاکی از اختلاف معنیدار (p <0.01) بین جدایه های آزمایشی در بروز بیماری بود. در بررسی خصوصیات ریخت شناختی جدایه ها روی محیط کشت CSMDA، تفاوت های مشخصی در قطر و رنگ پرگنه، اندازه و شکل پیکنیدیوم ها و پیکنیدیوسپورها مشاهده شد. براساس نتایج بیماری زایی، جدایه ها در سه گروه پرآزار، نیمه پرآزار و کم آزار قرار گرفتند. جدایه های IL8، IL9 و IL10 بیشترین شدت بیماری زایی را روی همه ارقام و جدایه IL10 بیشترین تأثیر را روی صفات ریخت شناختی میزبان از خود نشان دادند.
https://plantprotection.scu.ac.ir/article_16710_e6b378d35814903288ac1828b2270832.pdf
2021-01-20
45
57
10.22055/ppr.2021.16710
نخود
بلایت آسکوکیتایی
بیماریزایی
استانهای غربی
ثریا
میرزاپور
sorayamirzapour@ymail.com
1
دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه لرستان
AUTHOR
مصطفی
درویش نیا
darvishnia.m@lu.ac.ir
2
دانشیار دانشگاه لرستان
LEAD_AUTHOR
عیدی
بازگیر
e_bazgir@yahoo.com
3
استادیار دانشگاه لرستان
AUTHOR
حسین
میرزائی نجفقلی
4
استادیار دانشگاه لرستان
AUTHOR
Atik, O., Seid, A., Abang, M. M., Imtiaz, M., Hamwieh, A. et al. 2013. Pathogenic and genetic diversity of Didymella rabiei affecting chickpea in Syria. Crop Protection, 46: 70–79.
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Bashir, M., Hawar, M.P., Kebbabe, S., and Malhotra, R.S. 1986. An improved agar growth medium for Ascochyta rabiei. International Chickpea Newsletter, 14: 27–29.
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Basandrai, A. K., Pande, S., Krishna Kishore, G., Crouch, J.H., and Basandrai, D. 2005. Cultural morphological and pathological variation in Indian isolates of Ascochyta rabiei, the chickpea blight pathogen. Plant Pathology Journal, 21(3): 207–213.
3
Baite, M.S., Dubey, S., and Singh, B. 2018. Morphological variability in the Indian isolates of Ascochyta rabiei causing blight in chickpea and evaluation of chickpea cultivars. Indian Journal Plant Protection, 44: 74–82.
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Chen, W., Coyne, C. J., Peever, T. L., and Muehlbaur, F. J. 2004. Characterization of chickpea differentials for pathogenicity assay of Ascochyta blight and identification of chickpea accessions resistant to Didymella rabiei. Plant Pathology, 53: 759–769.
5
Chongo, G., Gossen, B., Buchwaldt, L., Adhikari, T., and Rimmer, S. 2004. Genetic diversity of Ascochyta rabiei in Canada. Plant Disease Journal, 88: 4–10.
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Cheghamirza, S.H., Cheghamirza, K., and Mohammadi, R. 2013. Evaluation of accessions and native varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) based on agro-physiological traits under dryland condition. Iran Journal of Field Crops Research, 11(3): 460–472 (In Farsi with English summary).
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Dolar, F.S., Tenuta, A., and Higgins, V.J. 1994. Detached leaf assay for screening chickpea for resistance to Ascochyta blight. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 16 (3): 215–220.
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Ghiai, S., Razavi, M., and Shahriyari, D. 2011. Study on pathogenic and molecular variability in some isolates of Ascochyta rabiei causal agent of Ascochyta blight of chickpea in Iran. Journal of Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 79: 199–218 (In Farsi with English summary).
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Imtiaz, M., Abang M.M., Malhotra, R.S., Ahmed, S., and Bayaa, B. et al. 2011. Pathotype IV, a new and highly virulent pathotype of Didymella rabiei, causing Ascochyta blight in chickpea in Syria. Plant Disease, 95: 1192–1192.
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Kanouni, H., Taleei, A., and Okhovat, S.M. 2011. Ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab) of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): Breeding strategies for resistance. International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 5: 1–22.
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Mahmoodi, F., and Banihashemi, Z. 2004. Distribution of mating type, telemorph formation, and genetic diversity in Didymella rabiei the causal agent of chickpea blight in Fars province. Iran Journal of Plant Pathology, 40(2): 5–7 (In Farsi with English summary).
12
Mahiout, D., Bendahmane, B.S., Benkada, M.Y., and Rickauer, M. 2015. Physiological characterisation of Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab. isolated from diseased chickpea fields in six regions of northwestern Algeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 15: 1136–1146.
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Nourollahi, K.H., Javannikkhah, M., Naghavi, M.R., and Okhovat, S. M. 2009. Pathogenic diversity in Didymella rabiei from the western Iranian Ilam and Kermanshah provinces. Journal Plant Protection, 23:56–65 (In Farsi with English summary).
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Nourollahi, K.H., Javanikkhah, M., Naghavi, M.R., Lichtenzveig, J., and Okhovat, S.M. et al. 2011. Genetic diversity and population structure of Ascochyta rabiei from the western Iranian Ilam and Kermanshah provinces using MAT and SSR markers. Mycological Progress, 10: 1–7.
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Naderi, H., Shokrpour, M., Asghari, A., Kanouni, H., and Esfandiari, A. 2013. Evaluation of cold tolerance in winter sowing of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using morphological and phenological traits in Kurdistan region. Iranian Journal of Pulses Research, 4(1): 69–80 (In Farsi with English summary).
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Pande, S., Siddique, K.H.M., Kishore, G.K., Bayaa, B., Gaur, P.M., et al. 2005. Ascochyta blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): a review of biology, pathogenicity, and disease management. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 56: 317–332.
17
Paymard, A., Torabi, M., and Shahryari, D. 2014. Pathogenic variability of Didymella rabiei the agent of Ascochyta blight of chickpea in Kermanshah province. Applied Plant Protection, 3(2): 73–85 (In Farsi with English summary).
18
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Shokouhifar, F., Bagheri, A., and Falahati, R.M. 2006. Identification of resistant chickpea lines against pathotypes causing Ascochyta blight disease in Iran. Iranian Journal of Biology, 19(1): 29–42 (In Farsi with English summary).
20
Salimi, A., Modarresi, M., Kanouni, H., and Jamali, F. 2017. Evaluation of the genetic diversity of resistance to Ascochyta blight and some of the most important traits related to chickpea yield under rained conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 48(2): 453–463 (In Farsi with English summary).
21
Vafaei, S.H., Rezaee, S., Abasi Moghadam, A., and Zamanizadeh, H.R. 2016. Virulence diversity of Ascochyta rabiei the causal agent of Ascochyta blight of chickpea in the western provinces of Iran. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 48: 921–930.
22
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23
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24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیر دما بر زیستشناسی و فراسنجه های جدول زندگی سفیدبالک یاس، Aleuroclava jasmini (Takahashi) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
دراین تحقیق زیستشناسی و فراسنجه های جدول زندگی سفیدبالک یاسAleuroclava jasmini (Takahashi) در پنج دمای ثابت در شرایط آزمایشگاهی (20، 25، 27، 30 و 32 درجه سلسیوس) بررسی شد. میانگین طول دوره رشد پیش از بلوغ سفیدبالک یاس ماده در بازهای بین 22/53 در دمای 20 درجه سلسیوس تا 70/26 روز در 32 درجه سلسیوس قرار داشت. میانگین مرگ و میر پیش از بلوغ با افزایش دما از 77/41 به 07/16 کاهش یافت. آستانه رشد تخم، پوره سن اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم ویک نسل به ترتیب 87/14، 33/9، 10، 44/14، 50/10 و 13 درجه سلسیوس بود در حالیکه میانگین تعداد روز درجه مورد نیاز در هر مرحله به ترتیب 208/105، 688/143، 95/75، 523/37، 904/134 و 61/465 روز درجه بود. میانگن تعداد تخم کل سفیدبالک A. jasmini در دماهای 20، 25، 27، 30 و 32 درجه سلسیوس به ترتیب 24/18، 19/22، 53/25، 28/38 و 93/29 و میانگین طول عمر در دماهای ذکر شده به ترتیب 41/12، 35/7، 40/3، 64/2 و 12/2 روز محاسبه شد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت در دماهای 20، 25، 27، 30 و 32 درجهسلسیوس به ترتیب 042/0، 061/0، 089/0، 127/0 و 114/0 ماده/ ماده/ روز به دست آمد. دمای بهینه برای رشد، بقا و تولیدمثل سفید بالک یاس در دامنه دمایی مورد مطالعه، 30 درجه سلسیوس بود.
https://plantprotection.scu.ac.ir/article_16718_7c5bb5ff124b9308a76aaff4ce01bbf6.pdf
2021-01-20
59
70
10.22055/ppr.2021.16718
Aleuroclava jasmini
تاریخچه زندگی
نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت
آیدا
قدرتی
ghodrati@yahoo.com
1
دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
پرویز
شیشه بر
pshishehbor@scu.ac.ir
2
استاد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
LEAD_AUTHOR
فرحان
کچیلی
f.kocheli@scu.ac.ir
3
دانشیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
AUTHOR
Andrewartha, H.G., and Brich, L.C. 1954. The distribution and abundance of animals. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
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4
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Gerling, D., Horowitz, A.R. and Baumgartner, J. 1986. Autoecology of Bemisia tabaci. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment,17: 5-19.
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Ghodrati, A., Shishehbor, P., and Kocheili, F. 2014. Biology and life table parameters of jasmine whitefly Aleuroclava jasmini on five different species of citrus. Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science, 45(2):213-227 (In Farsi with English abstract).
11
Hendi, A., Abdel-Fattah, M.I., and El-Sayed, A. 1984. Biological study on the whitefly, Bemisiatabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Bulletin of Entomological Society of Egypt, 65: 101-108.
12
Horowitz, A.R. 1983. Population dynamics of the tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) on cotton. Ph. D Thesis, Tel Aviv University.
13
Howe, R.W. 1967. Temperature effects on embryonic development of insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 12: 15-42.
14
Hulspas-Jordan, P.M., and van Lenteren, J.C. 1989. The parasite- host relationship between Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). XXX. Modelling population growth of greenhouse whitefly on tomato. Wageningen Agricultural University Papers, 89-2: 1-54
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Jesudasen, R.W.A., and David, B.V. 1990. Revision of two whitefly genera Aleuroclava Singh and Aleurotuberculatus Takahashi (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). FIPPAT Entomology Series, 2: 1-13.
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Kodama, G. 1931. Studies on Aleurocanthus spiniferus Quaint. Kyushu, Japan: Kagoshima- Ken. 38 pp (In Japanese).
17
Leddy, P.M., Paine, T.D., and Bellows, T.S.Jr. 1995. Biology of Siphoninus phyllyreae (Haliday) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and its relationship to temperature. Environmental Entomology, 24: 380-386.
18
Lewis, T. 1973. Thrips: their biology, ecology and economic importance. Academic Press, London. 349 pp.
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Liu, T.X., and Stansly, P.A. 1998. Life history of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodida) on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Malvaceae). Florida Entomologist, 8: 437-445.
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Maia Aline, D.H., Alferedo, J.B., and Campanhola, C. 2000. Statistical influence on associated fertility life table parameters using jackknife technique: computational aspects. Journal of Economical Entomology, 93: 511- 518.
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Martin, J.H., and Mound, L.A. 2007. An annotated check list of the world's whiteflies (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Zootaxa 1492.Mangolian Press. Auckland, New Zealand.
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Messenger, P.S. 1964. The influence of the rhythmically fluctuating temperatures on the development and reproduction of the spotted alfalfa aphid Theiroaphis maculata. Journal of Economic Entomology, 57: 71-76.
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Morrill, A.W., and Back, E.A. 1911. Whiteflies injurious to citrus in Florida. USDA Bureaue. Entomological Bulletin, 92: 109 pp.
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Mound, L.A., and Halsey, S.H. 1978. Whiteflies of the world. British Museum (Natural History). John Wiley and Sons. Chichester, 340 pp.
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Osborne, L.S. 1982. Temperature-dependent development of greenhouse whitefly and its parasite Encarsia formosa. Environmental Entomology, 11: 483-485.
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Powell, D.A., and Bellows, T.S.Jr. 1992. Adult longevity, fertility and population growth rates for Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hom.: Aleyrodidae) on two host plant species. Journal of Applied Entomology, 113: 68-78.
27
Price, P.W. 1984. Insect ecology. Second edition. Wiley and Sons. New York, 607 pp.
28
Rasekh, B. 2010. Distribution, host range and natural enemies of citrus whitefly in Fars province.M.Sc. Thesis of Entomology, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran. 85 pages.
29
Roermund, H.J.W., and van Lenteren, J.C. 1992. The parasite-host relationship between Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) XXXIV. Life history of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum as a function of host plant and temperature. Wageningen Agriculture University, 92: 1-102.
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SAS Institute. 1997. SAS/STAT user guide. Version 6.9. Cary. NC.
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Shishebor, P., and Brennan, P.A. 1995. Environmental effects on Pre-imaginal development and survival of the castor whitefly, Trialeurodes ricini Misra. Journal of Insect Science and its Application, 16(3/4): 325-331.
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Shishehbor, P., and Brennan, P.A. 1996 Adult longevity, fecundity and population growth rates for Trialeurodes ricini Misra (Hom.:Aleyrodidae) at different constant temperatures. The Canadian Entomologist, 128: 859-863.
33
Yano, E. 1981. Effect of temperature on reproduction of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood). Bulletin of Vegeteble and Ornamental Crop Research Station. Japan A, 8: 143-152
34
ZandiSohani, N., Shishehbor, P., and Kocheili, F. 2007. Thermal effect on the biology and life tables of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences,10 (22): 4057-4062.
35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
تأثیرحشرهکشهای گیاهی، تنداکسیر® و پالیزین®، روی شته مومی کلم .Brevicoryne brassicae L در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
کلزا Brassica napus L. (Brassicaceae) گیاهی با دانههای سرشار از روغن در سطح گستردهای از جهان کشت میشود. شته مومی کلم Brevicoryne brassicae L. از آفات مهم کلزا است. با توجه به اهمیت سلامت انسان و حفظ محیط زیست، کاهش مصرف سموم شیمیایی در برنامه مهار آفت امری ضروری است. بنابراین، اثرزیرکشندگی حشرهکشهای گیاهی پالیزین® و تنداکسیر® روی پراسنجههای جدول زندگی شته کلم با استفاده از روش غوطهورسازی برگ حاوی شته مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بهعلاوه، سمیت حشرهکشها روی پورههای سن اول شته کلم مطالعه شد. برای بررسی اثر زیرکشنده حشرهکشها روی شته از غلظتهای 99/1843 و 02/1627 میلیگرم برلیتر (LC30) به ترتیب برای تنداکسیر® و پالیزین® استفاده شد. آزمایشها در دمای 5±25 درجه سیلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±70 درصد و دوره نوری 16:8 ساعت (تاریکی: روشنایی) انجام شدند. مقادیر LC50 تنداکسیر® و پالیزین® بهترتیب 52/2331 و 60/2190 میلیگرم بر لیتر برآورد شد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) برای شاهد 003/0±27/0، پالیزین® 008/0±21/0 و تنداکسیر® 007/0±2/0بر روز بهدست آمد. نرخ خالص تولیدمثل و نرخ ذاتی تولیدمثل در هر دو تیمار حشرهکش در مقایسه با تیمار شاهدکاهش یافت. افزایش نسبی در میزان مرگ و میر ذاتی جمعیت شتههای تیمار شده با حشرهکشها مشاهده شد. میانگین زمان تولید و زمان دو برابر شدن نیز در جمعیت تیمار شده با حشرهکشها کمتر از گروه شاهد بود. کاهش معنیداری در میانگین تعداد پورههای تولید شده در هر شتهی ماده نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد. میانگین طول عمر مادههای بالغ در شاهد با تیمارهای حشرهکشها تفاوت معنیداری داشت. همهی آمارههای جدول زندگی شتههای تیمار شده با LC30 حشرهکشهای پالیزین® و تنداکسیر® در مقایسه با شاهد، بهطور منفی تحت تأثیر قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش میتواند گامی جهت استفاده کاربردی از ترکیبات گیاهی و به عنوان جایگزینی مناسب برای حشرهکشهای شیمیایی باشد. با انجام آزمایشهای تکمیلی میتوان از این ترکیبات گیاهی جهت کنترل شته مومی کلم در مزرعه بهره برد.
https://plantprotection.scu.ac.ir/article_16763_2baa72194247b0d2dcfef8e8203a435d.pdf
2021-01-20
71
89
10.22055/ppr.2021.16763
شته
پراسنجههای های رشد جمعیت
حشرهکشهای گیاهی
اثر زیرکشنده
فاطمه
رماسی
romas61.2017@gmail.com
1
دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی
AUTHOR
حسنعلی
واحدی
vnassah@yahoo.com
2
دانشیار پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه رازی
LEAD_AUTHOR
ناصر
معینی نقده
moeeny@razi.ac.ir
3
استادیار پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی
AUTHOR
محمد
محمودوند
msco1381@gmail.com
4
استادیار سابق پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه رازی
AUTHOR
Abdolrahmani, B. 2003. Management of canola cultural production under dry condition. Extention Publication Khuzestan Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization. 38 p.
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2
Anonymous. 2009. Organic pest control. Environmentally friendly pesticides. Available in http://www.Kimiasabzavar.com
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5
Chi, H., and Su, H.Y. 2006. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and its host Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) with mathematical proof of the relationship between female fecundity and the net reproductive rate. Environmental entomology, 35(1): 10-21.
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8
Esmaili, M., Azmayesh Fard, P., and Mirkarimi, A.A. 2002. Agriculture Entomology: Destructive, Insects, Mites, Rodents, Molluscs and their Control. University of Tehran Publication, Tehran (In Farsi).
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Gholamzadeh-Chitgar, M., and Pourmoradi, S. 2017. An evaluation of the eff ect of botanical insecticide, palizin in comparison with chemical insecticide, imidacloprid on the black citrus aphid, Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe and its natural enemy, Aphidius colemani Viereck. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 57(2): 101-106.
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Goodman, D. 1982. Optimal life histories, optimal notation, and the value of reproductive value. The American Naturalist, 119(6): 803-823.
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Heydari, M., and Yazdanian, M. 2016. Feasibility of applying biorational compounds in water traps and their effects on some reproductive parameters of mediterranean flour moth, Anagasta kuehniella (Z.). Journal of Applied Researches in Plant protection, 5(2): 119-135.
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Hosseini amin, S.B., Shahrokhi, Sh., Alinia, F., and Khosroshahli, M. 2013. Insecticidal and repellent effects of essential oils from laurel, Laurus nobilis and eucalyptus, Eucalyptus camaldulensis against cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae. Biocontrol in Plant Protection, 1(1): 1-11.
15
Hosseini, S., Abbasipour, H., Askarianzadeh, A., and Noroozi, A. 2020. Sublethal effects of Flupyradifurone insecticide on the life table parameters of the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt). Plant Pest Research, 10(1): 55-68.
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Huang, Y.B., and Chi, H. 2012. Age‐stage, two‐sex life tables of Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a discussion on the problem of applying female age‐specific life tables to insect populations. Insect Science, 19(2): 263-273.
17
Jahan, F., Abbasipour, A., Askarianzadeh, A., Hassanshahi, G., and Saeedizadeh, A. 2014. Biology and Life Table Parameters of Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Cauliflower Cultivars. Journal Insect Science, 14(1): 1-6.
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Kelm, M., and Gadomski, H. 1995. Occurrence and harmfulness of the cabbag aphid, Brevicoryne brassica (L.) on winter rape. Materially Sesji Institutes Ochrony roslin, 5: 101-103.
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Kelm, M., Gadomski, H., Gabrys, B., and Grzadkowska, A. 1997. Brassica vegetables as host plants for the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. Biuletyne Warzywniczy, 47: 99-104.
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Khajehzadeh, Y. 2004. Survey of cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L). population fluctuation and its dominant natural enemies, Final report of project. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization. 26 p.
21
Khajehzadeh, Y., Malekeshi, H., and Keyhanian, A. 2010. Population fluctuations of canola aphid, biology of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. and efficiency of natural enemies on canola field in Khuzestan province. Journal of Plant Protection Sciences of Iran, 31(1): 165-178 (In Farsi with English summary).
22
Khanjani, M. 2005. Field Crop Pests in Iran. Bu- Ali Sina University Publication, Hamedan, (In Farsi).
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Koul, O., and Dhaliwal, G.S. 2001. Phytochemical biopesticides. Harwood Amsterdam Academy.
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Kiani, M. 2015. Fumigant toxicity of two essential oils, Ferula gummosa and Cuminum cyminum on biological parameters of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). M. Sc. Thesis, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
25
Mahmoodi Mellelo, R. 2014. Study of insecticidal activity of leaf extraction from some of plants and palizin poison on Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). M.Sc. Thesis, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
26
Mohajer, A. 2018. Status of planting of canola in Iran, http://www.iribnews.ir. (In Farsi) 2020.8.4
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Regnault-Roger, C; Philogene, B.J.R., and Vincent, C. 2005. Biopesticides of plant origin. Paris: Lavoisier. English.
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Saldo, S., and Szpyrka, E. 2009. Ecotoxicological view of protection of apple orchards against insect pests in Poland. Pestycydy/ Pesticides, (1-4): 12-26.
29
Sohrabi, F., Jamali, F., Morammazi, S., Saber, M. and Kamita, Sh. G. 2019. Evaluation of the compatibility of entomopathogenic fungi and two botanical insecticides tondexir and palizin for controlling Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Crop Protection, 107: 20-25.
30
Stark, J.D., and Bamfo, S. 2002. Population-level outcomes of differential susceptibility among life stages of the aphid parasitoid, Diaeretiella rapae to pestisite. 1st International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA pp: 314-317.
31
Stark, J.D., and Banks, J.E. 2003. Population-level Effects of Pesticides and Other Toxicants on arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 48: 505-519.
32
Tuan, S.J., Lee, C.C., and Chi, H. 2014. Population and damage projection of spodoptera litura (F.) on peanuts (Arachis hypogeal L) under different conditions using the age-stage, two-sex life table. Pest management Science, 70: 805-813.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
اثرات کشنده و زیرکشنده دمای پایین، به صورت مجزا و در ترکیب با اسانس اکالیپتوس، علیه حشرات کامل شب پره مدیترانه ای آرد، Ephestia kuehniella
دماهای پایین به دلیل اثرگذاری روی ویژگی های تولید مثلی آفات انباری، یکی از راه های کنترل و کاهش خسارت آنها می باشند. با توجه به کند اثر بودن این دماها، در این مطالعه اثر دمای پایین 4 درجه سلسیوس به تنهایی و در ترکیب با اسانس اکالیپتوس روی ویژگی های تولیدمثلی شبپره مدیترانه ای آرد، Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و نوع برهمکنش بین این دو عامل نیز تعیین گردید. آنالیز شیمیایی اسانس با دستگاه گاز کروماتوگرافی گازی (GC) گازکروماتوگراف Varian CP-3800 مجهز به طیف سنج جرمی Varian Saturn 2200 ion trap انجام شد. مقادیر LT50 و LT95 دمای پایین برای حشرات کامل نر به ترتیب 87/14 و 17/45 روز و برای حشرات کامل ماده به ترتیب 77/10 و 38/39 روز برآورد شدند. قرار دادن حشرات کامل در دمای پایین باعث کاهش طول عمر، میزان باروری و همچنین درصد تفریخ تخم های حشرات کامل زنده مانده شد. باروری، هم با افزایش مدت زمان سرمادهی و هم افزایش غلظت اسانس به طور معنی داری کاهش یافت، اما درصد تفریخ تخمهای حاصل از حشرات تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت. برهمکنش دمای پایین- اسانس گیاهی از نوع آنتاگونیستی بود. طبق نتایج، ترکیب 8،1- سینئول (اُکالیپتول) بیشترین مقدار (48/30 درصد) در اسانس اکالیپتوس بود. استفاده طولانی مدت از دمای 4 درجه سلسیوس به دلیل کاهش فعالیت و تحرک شبپره های انباری و اثرگذاری منفی روی ویژگی های تولید مثلی، می تواند در کنترل جمعیت آنها موثر واقع شود. برهمکنش آنتاگونیستی دمای پایین- اسانس گیاهی نشان می دهد که در انتخاب دو عامل حشره کش جهت استفاده به صورت ترکیبی، تأیید برهمکنش سینرژیستی آنها از طریق انجام آزمایش های مناسب، ضروری می باشد.
https://plantprotection.scu.ac.ir/article_16769_12e0d2d663ccf114a004e139ad8c23ac.pdf
2021-01-20
91
109
10.22055/ppr.2021.16769
Ephestia kuehniella
دمای پایین
اسانس گیاهی
برهمکنش
ویژگیهای تولید مثلی
علیرضا
رجائی
a.r.rajaei.1991@gmail.com
1
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
AUTHOR
محسن
یزدانیان
mohsenyazdanian@gau.ac.ir
2
استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
LEAD_AUTHOR
غلامعلی
آساده
3
مربی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
AUTHOR
Abbar, S., Schilling, M.W., and Phillips, T.W. 2016. Time-mortality relationships to control Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) exposed to high and low temperatures. Journal of Economic Entomology, 109(5): 2215-2220.
1
Abbott, W.S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18(2): 265-267.
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Abdelghany, A.Y., Awadalla, S.S., Abdel-Baky, N.F., El-Syrafi, H.A., and Fields, P.G. 2010. Effect of high and low temperatures on the drugstore beetle (Coleoptera: Anobiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 103(5): 1909-1914.
3
Adler, C. 2010. Low temperature to control Plodia interpunctella and Stegobium paniceum. Julius-Kühn-Archiv, 425: 608.
4
Aldawood, A.S., Rasool, K.G., Alrukban, A.H., Soffan, A., Husain, M., Sutanto, K.D., and Tufail, M. 2013. Effects of temperature on the development of Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera): a case study for its possible control under storage conditions. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 45(6): 1573-1578.
5
Andreadis, S.S., Eliopoulos, P.A., and Savopoulou-Soultani, M. 2012. Cold hardiness of immature and adult stages of the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella. Journal of Stored Products Research, 48: 132-136.
6
Andreadis, S., and Athanassiou, C. 2017. A review of insect cold hardiness and its potential in stored product insect control. Crop Protection, 91: 93-99.
7
Andreadis, S., Milonas, P., and Savopoulou-Soultani, M. 2005. Cold hardiness of diapausing and nondiapausing pupae of the European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 117(2): 113-118.
8
Andreadis, S., Vryzas, Z., Papadopoulou-Mourkidou, E., and Savopoulou-Soultani, M. 2011. Cold tolerance of field-collected and laboratory reared larvae of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). CryoLetters, 32(4): 297-307.
9
Andreadis, S., Vryzas, Z., Papadopoulou-Mourkidou, E., and Savopoulou-Soultani, M. 2008. Age-dependent changes in tolerance to cold and accumulation of cryoprotectants in overwintering and non-overwintering larvae of European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis. Physiological Entomology, 33(4): 365-371.
10
Aref, S., Valizadegan, O., and Farashiani, M. 2015. Eucalyptus dundasii Maiden essential oil, chemical composition and insecticidal values against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.). Journal of Plant Protection Research, 55(1): 35-41.
11
Athanassiou, C.G., and Arthur, F.H. 2020. Cool down–warm up: differential responses of stored product insects after gradual temperature changes. Insects 2020, 11, 158; doi:10.3390/ insects11030158.
12
Athanassiou, C.G., Arthur, F.H., Kavallieratos, N.G., and Hartzer, K.L. 2018a. Susceptibility of different life stages of Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) to cold treatment. Journal of Economic Entomology, 111: 1481-1485.
13
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