تاثیر تریکودرما در کاهش آلودگی گندم به زنگ قهوه‌ای و میزان آنزیم پراکسیداز

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل

2 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی خوزستان

چکیده

تاثیر تیمارهای بیولوژیک در کاهش شدت بیماری زنگ قهوه‌ای Puccinia recondite Rob. ex. Desemf. sp. tritici، در یک آزمایش کرت‌های دو بار خرد شده بر اساس طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار با قرار دادن ارقام گندم چمران و بولانی درکرت‌های اصلی و سه گونه قارچ تریکودرما شامل Trichoderma harzianum،T. citrinoviride و T. longibrachiatum در کرت‌های فرعی اول و روش‌های کاربرد برگی و یا بذری در کرت‌های فرعی دوم در گلخانه بررسی گردید. همچنین نوسان در سطح آنزیم پراکسیداز در روش‌های بذری و برگی به روشHemeda and Kelin  اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج، تفاوت معنی‌داری میان ارقام گندم (P<0.05)، گونه‌های تریکودرما و روش‌های تیمار کردن (P<0.01) را نشان داد. کاهش بیماری در رقم چمران بیشتر از رقم بولانی (P<0.05 و روش تیمار بذری آلودگی کمتری در مقایسه با تیمار برگی نشان داد (P<0.05). اثرات متقابل در تمام حالات ممکن معنی‌دار بود (P<0.01). نوسان سطوح آنزیم پراکسیداز در تیمارها در مقایسه با شاهد دارای تفاوت معنی‌دار بود (P<0.05).گونه های تریکودرما تاثیر مستقیمی بر بیمارگر نشان ندادند و ساز و کار آنها در کنترل بیماری به صورت کاهش غیرمستقیم بیماری و به روش مقاومت القایی ارزیابی گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Trichoderma on reduction of wheat infection to wheat brown rust and amount of peroxidase enzyme

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoda Sharifi 1
  • Mohammad Salari 1
  • Mehdi Shetab Booshehri 2
  • Naser Panjehkeh 1
چکیده [English]

Effects of biological treatments on disease intensity reduction of wheat brown rust caused by Puccinia reconditeRob. ex. Desem f.sp. tritici was studied in a split-split plot design, conducted based on completely randomized design in a glasshouse with three replications. Chamran and Boolani cultivars planted in main plots and three Trichoderma species including Trichoderma harzianum, T. citrinoviride and T. longibrachiatum were located in first subplots and leaf and seed treatments inoculation methods were used in second subplots. Changes in peroxidase enzyme level were also determined by Hemeda and Kelin method. The results showed a significant difference between chamran and boolani cultivars (P<0.05), the Trichoderma species (P<0.01), methods of antagonist inoculation (P<0.01) and their interactions (P<0.01). Disease reduction in Chamran cultivar was more than Boolani and seed inoculation method was more effective than leaf treatment (P<0.05). Interactions of treatments in all possible cases were significant (P<0.01). Changes in proxidase enzyme level in treatments in comparison to control were significantly different. This study revealed that the observed disease reduction in this study was motivated by induced resistance mechanism because no direct inhibition of germination of pathogen uridiospore was observed by Trichoderma spp.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological control
  • Trichoderma spp
  • Puccinia recondita
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