اثرات کشندگی و زیرکشندگی حشره‌کش گیاهی تنداکسیر Tondexir® و حشره‌کش شیمیایی ایندوکساکارب Avaunt® روی شب‌پره مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی (Lep.: Gelechiidae) Meyrick Tuta absoluta

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسنده

دانشجوی دکتری حشره‌شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

شب­پره مینوز گوجه­فرنگیMeyrick  Tuta absoluta آفت مهم و کلیدی گوجه­فرنگی می­باشد. در بررسی حاضر ابتدا اثرات کشندگی حشره­کش گیاهی تنداکسیر (Tondexir®) و حشره­کش شیمیایی ایندوکساکارب (Avaunt®) روی تخم این آفت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در آزمایش دیگری اثرات غلظت زیرکشنده (LC30) دو ترکیب ذکر شده روی پارارمترهای جدول زندگی این آفت بررسی شد. از دستگاه برج پاشش (Potter tower) برای زیست سنجی­ها استفاده شد.همچنین به منظور بررسی تاثیر ترکیبات ذکر شده در شرایط مزرعه­ای، آزمایشی با سه تیمار و چهار تکرار در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی طی دو سال زراعی 1396 و 1397 انجام شد. در شرایط آزمایشگاهی حشره­کش تنداکسیر سمیت بالاتری نسبت به ایندوکساکارب برای تخم T. absoluta داشت. میزان LC50 ترکیبات ذکر شده به ترتیب 9/837 پی­پی­ام و 1/1139 پی­پی­ام برآورد شد.  غلظت زیرکشنده ترکیبات ذکر شده به طور معنی­داری آماره­های جدول زندگی این آفت را تحت تاثیر قرار دادند. طول دوره­های جنینی، لاروی، شفیرگی و طول کل دوره­ پیش از تخم­گذاری (TPOP) در تیمار تنداکسیر به طور معنی­داری بالاتر از تیمار شاهد بود. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (rm) در تیمار حشره­کش­ها به طور معنی­داری پایین­تر از تیمار شاهد بود (P<0.05). کمترین میزان نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) (105/1 بر روز) و طولانی­ترین طول دوره یک نسل (T) (36/39 روز) در تیمار تنداکسیر مشاهده شد. در شرایط مزرعه­ای دوام اثر حشره­کشی تنداکسیر بالاتر از ایندوکساکارب بود، چنانچه در نمونه­برداریهای بیست­و­یک روز پس از تیمار، درصد تلفات ایجاد شدهدر تخم و لارو مینوز گوجه­فرنگی در قطعات تیمار شده با این حشره­کش به طور معنی­داری بالاتر از قطعات تیمار شده با ایندوکساکارب بود. نتایج به طور کلی نشان داد حشره­کش گیاهی تنداکسیر اثرات کشندگی و زیرکشندگی بالایی برای مینوز گوجه­فرنگی دارد و می­تواند به عنوان یکی از گزینه­های احتمالی در برنامه مدیریت تلفیقی این آفت (IPM) مطرح باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Lethal and sublethal effects of botanical insecticide, tondexir (Tondexir®) and chemical insecticide, indoxacarb (Avaunt®) on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep.: Gelechiidae)

نویسنده [English]

  • M. Kabiri Raeisabad
PhD. Student of Agricultural Entomology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is the most damaging tomato insect pest. In the present study, the lethal effects of plant insecticide, tondexir (Tondexir®) and chemical insecticide, indoxacarb (Avaunt®) were assessed against T. absoluta under laboratory and field conditions.
Materials and Methods
The sublethal (LC30) effects of the insecticides were evaluated on the life table parameters of T. absoluta. The potter tower was used for the bioassays. In order to define the effect of these compounds, an experimental field was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three treatments replicated four times during two consecutive seasons in 2017 and 2018.
Results
The LC50values of tondexir and indoxacarb on eggs of T. absoluta were 837.9 and 1139.1 ppm, respectively. Sublethal concentration of insecticides affected life table parameters of T. absoluta significantly. Embryonic, larval, pupal and TPOP periods were significantly higher in tondexir than the control. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) value in both insecticides treatments was significantly lower than control (P<0.05). The minimum value of λ (1.105 day-1) and the longest generation time (39.36 day) was observed in tondexir. The persistency effect of tested insecticides under field conditions was higher in tondexir than indoxacarb. Even 21 days after treatment, the percentage mortality of eggs and larvae of T. absoluta were significantly higher in plot that treated with tondexir than indoxacarb treatment.
Discussion
The total results revealed that tondexir had high lethal and sublethal effects on tomato leafminer and can be recommendable to be applied in an integrated pest management program (IPM) of this pest.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tuta absoluta
  • Tondexir
  • Indoxacarb
  • Life table
  • Persistency effect
  • Bioassay
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