The species diversity of ground beetles (Coleoptera; Carabidae) of different ecosystems from south east of Tehran province, Iran

Document Type : Research paper-Persian

Authors

1 M.Sc. of Entomology, Abureyhan Campus, University of Tehran

2 Assistant Professor, Abureyhan Campus, University of Tehran

3 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forest and Rangeland, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization

4 Associated Professor, University of Tehran

5 Ph.D.

Abstract

Background and objectives
Ground beetles as ‘‘generalist predators’’ are one of the most common and species-rich families of arthropods in agricultural ecosystems and their role as effective bioindicators is well known.
Materials and Methods
Ground beetles (Carabidae) of south east of Tehran province was studied during 2015. These beetles were collected by pitfall traps from different ecosystems such as alfalfa and barley farms as well as green lands. The species diversity was studied by Species Diversity and Richness software. Different tests in this study included:  Alpha Diversity index, Shannon-Wiener Index, Simpson Index, Beta (β) diversity, Species Evenness, Pielou J Index, Species Richness and Similarity index.
Results
In this study 450 specimens belonging to 12 species were collected. The species include  Acinopus picipes (Olivier, 1795), Amara ovate (Fabricius, 1792), Brachinus ejaculans Fisher von Waldheim, 1828, Calathus fuscipes (Goeze, 1777)،, Calathus melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Cylindera germanica (Linnaeus, 1758), Distichus planus (Bonelli, 1813), Harpalus griseus (Panzer, 1796), Harpalus rufipes (Degeer, 1774), Poecilus wollastoni (Wollaston, 1854), Siagona europaea Dejean, 1826 and Zabrus tenebrioides (Goeze, 1777).Based on the results, Distichus planus had the most divergence in barley fields of Pakdasht and Gharchak. Green land of Abureyhan campus and alfalfa field of Pakdasht with 8 and 5 species, respectively, had the highest number of species. Both of barley fields of Pakdasht and Gharchak with 4 species had the lowest number of species. Moreover, the alfalfa field of Pakdasht and barley field of Pakdasht had the highest and lowest evenness, respectively. Based on the similarity index, green land of Abureyhan campus and alfalfa field of Pakdasht had the most similarity (%75) and barley of Pakdasht and Gharchak with alfalfa field of Pakdasht had the lowest similarity (%33).
Discussion
Carabid beetles are important biological control agents in agroecosystems and their study of biodiversity help to pest management program. The results of this study enhanced our knowledge regarding the diversity of Carabid species in central Iran.

Keywords

References

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Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture)
Volume 42, Issue 2
September 2019
Pages 63-72

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