ارزیابی رژیم‌های غذایی طبیعی، نیمه‌مصنوعی و مصنوعی برای پرورش انبوه کرم گلوگاه انار Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حشره‌شناسی کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 استادیار پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته ای، کرج

3 استاد دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

4 دانشیار دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

کرم گلوگاه انار Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)، آفتی کلیدی در ایران و بسیاری از مناطق جهان بوده و خسارت آن روی اکثر محصولات اقتصادی می­ باشد. این مطالعه به منظور تعیین رژیم غذایی بهینه برای پرورش انبوه این حشره در راستای انجام کارآمد طرح ­های کنترل بیولوژیک و به ویژه روش نابارورسازی حشرات انجام شد. در بررسی حاضر اثر چهار رژیم غذایی شامل خمیر انار، خمیر سیب، رژیم‌های غذایی نیمه­ مصنوعی و مصنوعی بر پارامترهای زیستی این حشره بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که طولانی‌ترین و کوتاهترین طول دوره­ ی نابالغ آفت به ­ترتیب روی رژیم­ های خمیر انار و غذای مصنوعی مشاهده شد. هم­چنین، باروری روی تیمارهای خمیر انار و خمیر سیب به طور معنی داری کمتر از رژیم­­ غذایی مصنوعی بود. هم­چنین، طول عمر حشرات کامل نر و ماده روی رژیم غذایی نیمه مصنوعی بیشتر از خمیر انار بود. کمترین نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (rm) روی خمیر انار (031/0 بر روز) و بیشترین آن‌ روی غذای مصنوعی (121/0 بر روز) بدست آمد. هم­چنین بیشترین وزن لاروی، شفیرگی و نرخ رشد نسبی روی تیمار خمیر انار بود. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده و علی­رغم بالاتر بودن برخی مشخصه­ های کارایی و تناسب حشره روی جیره مصنوعی، خمیر انار به دلیل بالا بودن برخی از شاخص ­های مهم کارایی حشره تغذیه کننده از آن،‌ صرفه اقتصادی قابل ملاحظه نسبت به جیره مصنوعی و نیز انتخاب طبیعی آن توسط آفت به عنوان میزبان ارحج، ارزش مطالعات بیشتر را به منظور معرفی به عنوان جیره مناسب برای پرورش انبوه کرم گلوگاه انار دارا می­ باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of natural, semi-artificial and artificial diets on mass rearing of carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Z. Abedi 1
  • M. Soufbaf 2
  • A. Golizadeh 3
  • M. Hassanpour 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Agricultural Entomology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2 Nuclear Agriculture Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
4 Associate Professor, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
The carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera Pyralidae), is a major pest of pomegranate and its damage is economic in Iran and many parts of the world. This study was conducted to determine an optimized diet either biologically or economically for mass rearing of the pest. In particular, sterile insect technique at industrial scales is highly dependent on successful mass rearing of the pest.
Materials and Methods
In the present study, the effects of four diets including pomegranate dough, apple dough, artificial and semi-artificial diets on biological parameters of E. ceratoniae were studied. Pomegranates and apples with no infestation were chosen and mixed wholly using kitchen blender. Fruit dough was oven dried for 24 h at 60 degrees of Celsius after adding 1 g methyl paraben per kilogram of the diet.   
Results
The results showed that, the longest and shortest duration of the immature development time were on pomegranate dough diet and artificial diet, respectively. Moreover, the fecundity rate on pomegranate dough and apple dough diets was significantly lower than artificial diet. Moreover, the longevity of male and female adults was observed on semi- artificial diets more than pomegranate dough. The lowest value of intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of the E. ceratoniae were observed on pomegranate dough (0.031 day-1), and the highest was on artificial diet (0.121 day-1). In addition, the larvae fed on pomegranate dough treatment showed the higher larval, pupal weight and value of relative growth rate (RGR) compared to other diets tested.
Discussion
Artificial diet supported development and reproduction of the carob moth. However, based on the results obtained in the present study, pomegranate dough has high nutritional value in terms of E. ceratoniae performance and also it is very cheap, so it is recommended as a suitable diet for mass rearing of carob moth. However, many complementary studies in this regard are necessary to achieve standard dimensions of mass rearing of E. ceratoniae in insectaries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ectomyelois ceratoniae
  • Diets
  • Mass rearing
  • Life table parameters

مراجع

Al-Izzi, M. 1985. Bionomics of Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on pomegranate in Iraq. Environmrntal Entomology, 14: 149-153.
Al-Izzi, M. 1987. Culturing the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on an artificial diet. Journal of Economic Entomology, 80: 277-280.
Al-Izzi, M. 1988. Effect of supplemental dietary L-Lysine and soybean flour on growth and fertility of Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 81: 970-976. 
Borzoui, E., Naseri, B. and Rahimi Namin, F. 2015. Different diets affecting biology and digestive physiology of the Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Journal of Stored Products Research, 62: 1–7.
Chi, H. 2016. TWOSEX-MSChart: A Computer Program for the Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Analysis. URL http//140.120.197.173/Ecology/Download/TWOSEX-MSchart.zip.
Etzel, L.K., and Legner, E.F. 1999. Culture and colonization. In: Bellows, T. S., Fisher, T. W. (eds). Handbook of biological control. Academic Press, pp: 125-198.
Ghavami, S. 2006. Effects of three artificial diets on biological characteristics of the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lep.: Pyralidae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 25: 63-76.
Golizadeh, A., and Abedi, Z. 2016. Comparative performance of the Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on various wheat cultivars. Journal of Stored Products Research, 69: 159-165.
Gothilf, S. 1968. The biology of carob moth (Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller) in Israel. Israel Journal Entomology, 3: 109-118.
Hwang, S.Y., Liu, C.H., and Shen, T.C. 2008. Effects of plant nutrient availability and host plant species on the performance of two Pieris butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 36: 505–513.
Lazarevic, J. and Peric-Mataruga, V. 2003. Nutritive stress effects on growth and digestive physiology of Lymantria dispar larvae. Yugoslav Medical Biochemistry,22: 53-59.
Levinson, H. Z., and Gothilf, S. 1965. A semisynthetic diet for growth of the moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Trends in Parasitology, 22: 19-56.
Liu, Z.D., Li, D. M., Gong, P.Y., and Wu, K.J. 2004. Life table studies of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on different host plants. Environmental Entomology, 33: 1570-1576.
Mahdinasab, Z., Shishehbor, P., and Faal Mohammadali, H. 2014. Effect of different diet regimes of Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) on biological characteristics and life table parameters of Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) under laboratory conditions. Plant Protection, 37: 381-96.
Mediouni, J. and Dhouibi, M.H. 2007. Mass-rearing and field performance of irradiated carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae in Tunisia. In M.J.B. Vreysen, A.S. Robinson J. Hendrich (eds.). Area-Wide Control of Insect Pest, pp: 265. 273.
Mortazavi, S., Samih, M.A., Ghajarieh, H., and Jafari, A. 2016. Effect of some diets on biological parameters of Apomyelois ceratoniae in laboratory and efficiency of natural pheromone traps in pomegranate orchards. Journal of Crop Protection,5: 115-124.
Mortazavi, S., Samih, M.A., Ghajarieh, H., Jafari, A. 2015. Effect of some diets on demographic parameters of Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in vitro. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 55: 212-219.
Nation, J. L. 2002. Insect physiology and biochemistry. CRC Press. London. 485 pp.
Norouzi, A., Talebi, A., and Fathipour, A.Y. 2008. Development and demographic parameters of the Carob moth Apomyelois ceratoniae on four diet regimes. Bulletin Insectology, 61: 291-297.
Price, P.W., Bouton, C.E., Gross, P., McPheron, B.A., Thompson, J.N., and Weis, A.E. 1980. Interactions among threetrophic levels: influence of plant on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 11: 41-65.
SAS Institute. 2002. The SAS system for Windows. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
Schroeder, L.A. 1981. Consumer growth efficiencies: Their limits and relationships to ecological energetics. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 93: 805-828.
Scriber, J. M. and Slansky, F. 1981. The nutritional ecology of immature insects. Annual Review of Entomology, 26: 183-211.
Singh, P. 1982. The rearing of beneficial insects. New Zealand Entomologist, 7(3): 304-310. 
Sorge, D., Nauen, R., Range, S., and Hoffmann K.H. 2000. Regulation of vitellogenesis in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Insect Physiology, 46: 969-976.
Soufbaf, M., Salehi, B., Kalantarian, N., Zanganeh, A.H., Babaei, M., Fathollahi, H., et al. 2017. Using sterile insect technique against Carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lep.: Pyralidae), in Yazd province, Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran. 37 (1), 55-65. (In Farsi with English abstract).
Tsai, J. H., and Wang, J.J. 2001. Effects of host plant on biology and life table parameters of Aphis spiraecola (Hom.: Aphididae). Environmental Entomology, 30: 44–50.
گیاه پزشکی
دوره 42، شماره 3
آبان 1398
صفحه 88-98

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار