نخستین گزارش گونه‌ی Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 از نارنگی در ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استاد دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 استادیار دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

     نماتد‌ ریشه‌گرهی انگل اجباری گیاهان است که تعداد زیادی از گیاهان آوندی را در سراسر جهان مورد حمله قرار می‌دهد و از نظر اقتصادی بسیار مهم می‌باشد. در طی بررسی تنوع زیستی نماتدهای انگل گیاهی در باغ‌های مرکبات استان خوزستان درسال 97-1396، یک جمعیت نماتد ریشه‌گرهی از نمونه ‌خاک وریشه نارنگی جمع‌آوری شد. ماده‌های بالغ و لارو سن دو از ریشه‌های آلوده استخراج گردید. بعد ازکشتن و ثابت کردن نماتد‌ها،اسلاید دائم تهیه شد. شناسایی گونه با استفاده از کلید‌های معتبر صورت گرفت. DNA ژنومی از لارو سن دو و ماده‌های بالغ استخراج گردید. DNA استخراج شده توسط جفت آغازگر ناحیه D2/D3 از ژن 28S و جفت آغازگرهای ناحیه 18S تکثیر و توالی‌یابی شد. بر اساس خصوصیات ریخت‌شناختی، ریخت‌سنجی و تجزیه و تحلیل فیلوژنی نواحی تکثیر شده، گونه M. javanica شناسایی گردید. تفاوت‌های ریخت‌شناختی جمعیت به‌دست‌آمده با سایر جمعیت‌های این گونه مورد بحث قرار گرفت. در این مطالعه دو قطعه 799 جفت بازی توسط آغازگرهای ناحیه 28S و دو قطعه 1678 جفت بازی توسط آغازگرهای ناحیه 18S تولید شد. بر اساس منابع موجود، این اولین گزارش از آلودگی نارنگی به نماتد ریشه ‏گرهی M. javanica در ایران می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

First report of Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949 from tangerine tree in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • P. Eisvand 1
  • R. Farrokhi Nejad 2
  • S. Azimi 3
1 M.Sc. student of Plant Pathology,, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2 Professor, , Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
3 Assistant Professor, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: The root-knot nematode is an obligatory plant parasite that attacks a large number of vascular plants worldwide and is economically important. The present study aimed to identify the Meloidogyne javanica species based on morphological, morphometric data and molecular characterization.
Materials and Methods: During a survey on the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes in citrus orchards of Khuzestan province from 2017 to 2018, a root-knot nematode population was collected from soil and root samples of tangerine. Adults and the second-stage juveniles were extracted from the infected roots. After killing and fixing the nematodes, permanent slides were prepared. Species identification was performed using valid keys. Genomic DNA was extracted from both juvenile and adult females. The extracted DNA was amplified and sequenced by the primers of the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA gene and the 18S rRNA gene. The newly obtained sequences of the D2-D3 fragments of 28S and 18S rRNA gene sequences and additional sequences of relevant species were selected after a BlastN search and were aligned by Clustal X using the default parameters. The both phylogenetic analyses were evaluated under the GTR + G + I model with two million generations.
Results: M. javanica was identified based on morphological, morphometric data and phylogenetic analysis of amplified regions. The morphological differences of the recovered population in comparison with other populations were discussed. In this study, two 799 bp fragments were generated by the 28S rDNA gene region primers and two 1678 bp fragments were generated by the 18S rDNA gene region primers.
Discussion and conclusion: The perineal pattern of the studied female nematode is distinguished from the other species of this genus by having two parallel lines at the lateral surfaces of the body so that these lines clearly divide the perineal pattern into the dorsal and ventral parts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of M. javanica in association with tangerine in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Citrus
  • Root-knot nematode
  • Morphometric data
  • Morphology
  • Phylogeny

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گیاه پزشکی
دوره 42، شماره 4
دی 1398
صفحه 81-95

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