رابطه بین میزان وقوع و شدت بیماری سفیدک داخلی انگور در استان خراسان شمالی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 دانشیار پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان

3 دانشیار دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

4 استادیار پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست‌ فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

انگور از میوه‌های مهم و با ارزش است که در نواحی مختلف ایران به ویژه در خراسان شمالی توسط بیماری سفیدک داخلی آلوده می‌شود. اندازه‌گیری وقوع بر خلاف شدت بیماری راحت‌تر و سریع‌تر است، ولی شدت بیماری به‌عنوان شاخص مهم‌تر به‌شمار می‌آید. در این پژوهش ارزیابی بیماری و رابطه‌ی بین وقوع و شدت بیماری سفیدک داخلی انگور در استان خراسان شمالی (شهرستان‌های بجنورد، مانه و سملقان، شیروان و فاروج) طی سال‌های 1397 و 1398 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. میزان وقوع و شدت بیماری در 80 تاکستان انتخاب شده به‌طور تصادفی از اوّل فروردین تا توقف پیشرفت بیماری به ‌صورت هفتگی یادداشت گردید. وقوع بیماری در سال اوّل 27/10 درصد و در سال دوّم 64/51 درصد ثبت شد. شدت بیماری در سال اوّل بین 2/1 تا 6/6 درصد (میانگین 4/3 درصد) و در سال دوّم بین 4/6 تا 6/44 درصد (میانگین 82/25 درصد) بود. بررسی رابطه‌ی بین میزان وقوع بیماری و شدت بیماری با استفاده از چهار مدل آماری (توانی، خطی، درجه دوم، مکمل لگاریتم لگاریتم) نشان داد که مدل‌ توانی با دقت بالاتری توانست این رابطه را در 31 تاکستان از تاکستان‌های مورد مطالعه به‌خوبی بیان نماید. در 24 تاکستان نیز میزان وقوع و شدت بیماری توسط مدل خطی به‌خوبی با داده‌ها برازش یافت. ‌مدل‌های نهایی براساس ضریب تبیین (R2)، انحراف معیار محاسباتی (SEE) و ضریب تبیین تصحیح شده (Ra2) مربوط به تجزیه داده‌های خام ساخته شدند. براساس این آماره‌ها، مدل نهایی در بجنورد به‌صورت S=(0.534)×I(1.263)، در شیروان به‌‌صورت S=(0.684)×I(1.472)، در مانه و سملقان به‌صورت S=(0.4691)×I-0.01711 و در فاروج به‌صورت  S=(0.3484)×I-0.0078 رابطه‌ی بین میزان وقوع و شدت بیماری را نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Incidence-Severity Relationship for downy mildew of grapevine in North Khorasan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • H. Namvar-hamzanlue 1
  • M. A. Aghajani 2
  • S. A. Mahdian 3
  • E. Bakhshandeh 4
1 Ph.D. student,, Sari Agricultural and Natural Resources University
2 Research Associated Professor, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center
3 Associate Professor, Sari Agricultural and Natural Resources University
4 Assistant Professor, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural and Natural Resources University
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Grapevine are important and valuable fruits that is contaminated in different parts of Iran, especially in North Khorasan Province, by the downy mildew of grapevine (Plasmopara viticola) and its yield decreases. Investigating the relationship between the incidence and the severity of the disease is one of the important concepts in the epidemiology of plant diseases. It is easier and faster to measure the incidence of the disease, but the severity of the disease is an important indicator.
Materials and Methodes
In this study, the relationship between the incidence disease and severity disease of downy mildew of grapevine in North Khorasan Province (Bojnourd, Mane and Samalghan, Shirvan and Farooj) during 2018 and 2019. Incidence and severity of disease were recorded weekly in 80 selected vineyards from early April to stop the disease progression.
Results
The incidence of the disease was 10.27% in the first year and 51.64% in the second year. The severity of the disease in the first year was between 1.2 to 6.6% (mean 3.4%) and in the second year it was between 6.4 to 44.6% (mean 25.82%). Investigation of the relationship between incidence and severity of disease using four statistical models (power, linear, quadratic, complementary logarithmic logarithm) power model was able to express this relationship in 31 vineyards more accurately. In 24 vineyards the incidence and severity of the disease were well fitted to the data by linear model.
Discussion
ّFinal models were evaluated based on R2, SEE and Ra2 of regression analysis of raw data. Based on these criteria, final model in Bojnourd as S = (0.534) × I (1.263), in Shirvan as S = (0.684) × I (1.472), in Mane and Samalghan as S = (0.4691)× I-0.01711 and in Farooj as S = (0.3484)×I-0.0078 showed relationship between incidence and severity of disease. This is the first report to evaluate the relationship between the incidence and severity of downy mildew of grapevine in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Downy mildew
  • I-S relationship
  • Disease measurement
  • Power model
  • Regression

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گیاه پزشکی
دوره 43، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1399
صفحه 17-29

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