Report of Fusarium proliferatum causing leaf wilt disease of date palm in Khuzestan Province

Document Type : Research paper-Persian

Authors

1 Ph.D student of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Education and Extension Organization, Horticulture Science Research Institute, Karaj, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Background and objective
Date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. is one of the income sources of cultural and economic importance in several countries. Leaf wilt disease is one of the important diseases observed in palm gardens in Khuzestan province. Disease symptoms are observed as asymmetrical leaves drying. Fusarium proliferatum is a common pathogen infecting numerous crops, including banana, carnation, cycads, date palm, garlic, mango, maize, onion, rice, and sesame plants.
Materials and Methods
To identify the causal agent(s), infected samples were collected from Abadan, Khorramshahr, and Shadegan cities and transferred to the laboratory. The samples were then disinfected and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates. Fungi were purified by the single-spore technique. For molecular identification, the colonies were inoculated in potato-dextrose broth (PDB) and the grown mycelium mass was used for DNA extraction. Polymerase chain reaction was done with reaction initiators of Tef171F and Tef1997R to replicate a part of the tef1 region.
Results
BLAST search showed that the sequence of the studied isolate was 99.55% similar to both the confirmed isolate and the reference of F. proliferatum strain TOR-55. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolate with sequences related to type strains, using the maximum likelihood, confirmed that they belonged to this species. Pathogenicity test was followed by re-isolation from the inoculated plants.
Discussion
These results indicated that all four concentrations were able to infect trees and cause disease symptoms and pathogenicity. However, disease severity was higher at 5×105 and 5×106 spores per ml than the other concentrations of spores used here. The second two concentrations of spores were more effective in drying of leaflets and leaves.

Keywords

References

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Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture)
Volume 43, Issue 3
December 2020
Pages 21-34

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