کارایی اسانس میکروکپسول نعناع فلفلی (.Mentha piperita L) بر فراسنجه‌های زیستی کنه تارتن دو لکه‌ای، Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، موسسه‌ تحقیقات‌ گیاه‌پزشکی‌ کشور، سازمان تحقیقات،‌آموزش‌ و ‌ترویج‌ کشاورزی، ‌تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه حشره‌شناسی و بیماری‌های گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران

چکیده

کنه تارتن دو لکه­ ای Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)، از مهم­ترین آفات کشاورزی بوده که خسارت بالایی را به دامنه وسیعی از محصولات کشاورزی وارد می­ کند. امروزه به علت مشکلات ناشی از آفت‌کش‌های شیمیایی مانند بروز مقاومت و خطرات زیست ­محیطی، استفاده از اسانس ­های گیاهی مورد توجه می‌باشد. از شیوه­ های عمده در راستای اصلاح خواص فیزیکی اسانس ­ها و کاربردی کردن آن در کنترل آفات کشاورزی، فرموله ­کردن آنها می­ باشد. در این راستا اسانس نعناع فلفلی .Mentha piperita L از طریق روش کواسرواسیون با انجام یکسری تغییرات میکروکسپوله شد و تأثیر غلظت­ های زیر­کشنده آن روی فراسنجه‌های دموگرافی کنه تارتن دو لکه ­ای در شرایط دمایی 2±25 درجه سانتی‌گراد، رطوبت 5±60 درصد و دوره نوری 8:16 (روشنایی:تاریکی) ساعت بررسی شد.داده ­های بدست آمده براساس تئوری جدول زندگی دو­­جنسی تجزیه و تحلیل شد. تمام غلظت­ های زیر­کشنده موجب کاهش معنی ­دار دوره تخم­ ریزی، باروری کل و طول دوره زندگی کنه تیمار شده نسبت به شاهد شد. حداکثر و حداقل میانگین طول عمر کنه­ های نر و ماده در گروه تیمار نشده و LC30 مشاهده گردید. باروری کل از 98/34 در تیمار با غلظت LC30 تا 74/56 نتاج/فرد در شاهد متغیر بود. کمتر­ین نرخ خالص تولید­مثل (R0) 06/17 تخم/فرد/نسل در غلظت LC30 برآورد شد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) در تیمار شاهد 22/0 و در تیمار LC30 19/0 (نتاج/ فرد/روز) ثبت گردید. مدت زمان یک نسل (T) با افزایش غلظت­ های آزمایشی، کاهش معنی­ داری را نشان داد. نتایج  نشان داد که غلظت­ های زیرکشنده ­اسانس میکروکپسوله ­M. piperita، می ­تواند شاخص ­های زیستی کنه T. urticae را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Efficacy of microcapsule essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) on biological parameters of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Alsendi 1
  • M.R. Havasi 1
  • Gh.R. Golmohammadi 2
  • S. Farahani 1
  • K. Kheradmand 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
Tetranychus urticae, as the two-spotted spider mite, is considered as one of the most important and destructive herbivorous mites in farms and greenhouses, which is very important to control due to its wide host range. The damage caused by agricultural pests combined with the harmful effects of synthetic chemicals used in their control can be mitigated or eliminated by using botanicals, which are derived from renewable resources including a mixture of various bioactive ingredients. Therefore, finding a suitable alternative way for controlling this pest is necessary by considering the resistance to acaricides, as well as undesirable effects of chemical compounds. The present work aims to evaluate microcapsule essential oil of Mentha piperita and its lethal and sublethal toxicity to T. urticae.
Materials and Methods
Laboratory bioassays were used for evaluating the sublethal effects of peppermint essential oil microcapsules on biological and population parameters of T. urticae. The life table parameters of T. urticae were conducted on leaf discs under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 2°C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L: D) hours. Then, the duration of each stage, developmental time, and survival were observed and recorded daily. In addition, the raw data were analyzed based on age stage two-sex life table theory with MS-Chart.
Results
Based on the results, microcapsules of Menthe piperita caused a significant reduction in fecundity and longevity. Those treated with LC20 and LC30 had a significant reduction at net reproductive rate, compared to those treated with LC10 and untreated ones. The intrinsic and finite rate of increase reduced significantly in higher concentration compared to the control. In addition, the mean generation time decreased significantly at the upper dose, compared with LC10.
Discussion
Botanic acaricides can be used for controlling Tetranychus urticae, and the microencapsulated formulation of these products makes them more stable. Familiarity with the chemical nature of the bio-active pesticide/acaricidal compound can be considered in future research which can play a role in developing an effective and environmentally friendly treatment against spider mites, leading to a decrease in reliance on synthetic pesticides/acaricides. The results of this study can be used in designing the mentioned pest management programs by considering the detrimental effects of M. piperita essential oil microcapsule on some biological parameters of T. urticae.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological parameters
  • Peppermint
  • Tetranychus urticae
  • Toxicity
  • Microcapsule

مراجع

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گیاه پزشکی
دوره 44، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1400
صفحه 1-21

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