بررسی ارتباط بین فراسنجه‌های زیستی و تغذیه‌ای کرم گلوگاه انار،Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae)، با برخی از ترکیبات بیوشیمیایی میزبان‌های مختلف

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دکتری حشره شناسی کشاورزی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

کرم گلوگاه انار، Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae)، آفتی خطرناک، چندین‌خوار و با پراکنش جهانی است که محصولات مختلف کشاورزی را قبل و پس از برداشت مورد حمله قرار می‌دهد. در پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر 11 میزبان مختلف گیاهی شامل انار، انجیر خشک، بادام زمینی، به، پسته، پرتقال، خرما، سیب، زیتون، گردو و غذای مصنوعی بر فراسنجه‌های زیستی و تغذیه‌ای این آفت در اتاقک رشدی با شرایط دمایی 1±30 درجه‌ی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دوره‌‏ی نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی بررسی شد. هم‌چنین، در این تحقیق برخی از ترکیبات اولیه و ثانویه میزبان‌های مختلف اندازه‌گیری شد تا ارتباط بین این ترکیبات بیوشیمیایی با فراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی و تغذیه‌ای آفت تعیین شود. مطابق با نتایج، طولانی‌ترین و کوتاه‌ترین طول دوره نابالغ آفت به‌ترتیب روی میزبان‌های گردوو غذای مصنوعی مشاهده شد. کم‌ترین نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) روی میزبان‌های به، پرتقال، سیب و زیتون و بیش‌ترین میزان آن‌ روی غذای مصنوعی به‌دست آمد.بیش‌ترین مقدار شاخص‌های بازدهی تبدیل غذای بلعیده شده (ECI) و کارایی تبدیل غذای هضم شده (ECD) مربوط به لاروهای تغذیه شده از غذای مصنوعی بود. هم‌چنین، بیش‌ترین مقدار شاخص رشد نسبی (RGR) آفت روی میزبان پسته به‌دست آمد. نتایج تجزیه کلاستر نشان داد که انار و غذای مصنوعی به عنوان میزبان‌های نسبتاً حساس و به، پرتقال، سیب و زیتون به عنوان میزبان‌های نسبتاً مقاوم برای کرم گلوگاه انار بودند. در این تحقیق، بین مقادیر برخی از ترکیبات بیوشیمیایی در میزبان‌های مورد مطالعه اختلاف معنی‌دار مشاهده شد که همبستگی مثبت یا منفی معنی‌داری بین ترکیبات اولیه و ثانویه گیاهی با فراسنجه‌های زیستی و تغذیه‌ای کرم گلوگاه وجود داشت. فراسنجه‌های باروری، نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0)، نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r)، بازدهی تبدیل غذای خورده شده (ECI) و شاخص رشد نسبی (RGR) همبستگی منفی معنی‌داری با مقادیر محتوای ترکیبات فنلی و آنتوسیانین‌های گیاهی نشان دادند. یافته‌های این تحقیق می‌تواند به عنوان اطلاعات پایه در جهت درک بهتر تعاملات بین گیاه-گیاه‌خوار مفید واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of relationship between biological and feeding traits of the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae), with some biochemical compounds of various hosts

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Golizadeh 1
  • Z. Abedi 2
1 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Ph.D. of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
The carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae), is a polyphagous and destructive pest that causes considerable damage to various crops worldwide both before and after harvest. Host plant resistance is a critical component of integrated pest management and can be beneficial when used in conjunction with biological and chemical pest control approaches. The host type has a substantial effect on the biological characteristics and population growth parameters of E. ceratoniae. The purpose of this contribution is to evaluate the impact of eleven hosts, including peanut, apple, date, fig, olive, orange, pistachio, pomegranate, quince, and walnut, on the life history and nutritional indices of this pest.
Materials and Methods
The carob moth larvae were reared on each plant host in a growth room set at 30 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 5 % RH, plus a 14:10 (L:D) hour photoperiod. Daily observations and records were made of the duration of each stage, developmental period, and survival rate. TWO SEX-MSChart was used to evaluate the raw data based on the age-stage two-sex life table. Additionally, hosts' phytochemical metabolites were measured using a spectrophotometer. Correlations between demographic factors and nutritional properties with biochemical features of various hosts were then estimated.
Results
The results indicated that various hosts substantially affected E. ceratoniae's demographic characteristics and nutritional indices. On walnut and artificial diets, the immature development period was the longest and shortest, respectively. Additionally, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of E. ceratoniae was lowest on quince, orange, apple, olive, and highest on an artificial diet. Compared to larvae fed on other hosts, larvae reared on an artificial diet had the highest efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD). Furthermore, larvae-fed pistachio had a greater relative growth rate (RGR) than other tested hosts. The cluster analysis findings revealed that pomegranate and artificial diet treatments were relatively vulnerable hosts, whereas quince, orange, apple, and olive were the least suitable (most resistant) hosts for E. ceratoniae feeding. Significant variations in biochemical metabolites were observed between the various hosts in this study. Moreover, significant positive or negative associations between life history variables and nutritional indices plus biochemical features of various hosts were found. A significant negative correlation was observed between total phenolic content and total anthocyanin content of different hosts and E. ceratoniae fecundity, net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), the efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), and relative growth rate (RGR).
Discussion
The findings may provide essential information for a better understanding of plant-herbivore interactions, which may aid in the development of effective integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for E. ceratoniae control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • diets
  • demography
  • feeding response
  • phytochemical metabolites

مراجع

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گیاه پزشکی
دوره 44، شماره 2
تیر 1400
صفحه 51-66

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