Investigation of viral infections in commercially used cultivars of maize in the north of Khuzestan province

Document Type : Short communication-Persian

Authors

1 M.Sc. of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Ilam University, Plant Protection of Agriculture Jahad of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Ph.D. of Plant Virology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Agriculture Jahad of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran

3 M.Sc. of Weed Science, College of Agriculture, Shoushtar University, Plant Protection of Agriculture Jahad of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran

4 M.Sc. of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, College of Agriculture, Iranian Company for Maize Development, Dezful, Iran

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important crop after wheat and rice, restricted by various pathogens including viruses. So far, it has infected more than 40 species of viruses with the different genera of maize, some of which are globally distributed which can cause severe damage to the crop. Maize Iranian mosaic virus (MIMV), Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) and Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) are some of the most common viral diseases worldwide and in Iran. The significance of Khuzestan province in the country's maize production necessitates research of the viral infection rates among planted hybrids in the area.
Material and Methods
Based on a survey was conducted during 2020-2021, 48 farms cultivated with different maize hybrids named Single Cross 704, Single Cross 703, Jovein 704, Moghan 704, Faraz, Afarin, Korduna, Syngenta and AS 71 in three counties of Dezful, Andimeshk and Shousha. The leaves of the plants that showed the signs of yellowing, mosaic and shortening were collected and transferred to the Jihad Agricultural Laboratory of Khuzestan province. In these samples, ELISA (Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay, ELISA) was performed with specific polyclonal antibodies.
Results and Discussion
The results showed that among 480 samples examined, 43% of the samples were infected with MIMV and MDMV viruses, but no mixed infection of these two viruses was found among the samples. The highest percentage of infection (30٪) was related to MIMV. This is the first report of MIMV in Khuzestan province which was found in all three cities. Faraz hybrid showed the highest sensitivity to the MIMV. MDMV and WSMV showed 13٪ and 3٪ incidence rate, respectively. MDMV was found only in Andimeshk and among Single cross 703, Single cross 704 and Jovein 704 hybrids, among them Jovein 704 showed the highest sensitivity. MDMV has a strong serological relationship with Bermuda grass southern mosaic virus (BgSMV). Thus, in the future studies, the infected samples should be examined by PCR using specific primers. WSMV is a common virus in wheat fields which was not detected in Iranian maize fields. In this study, for the first time, the presence of this virus was found in Korduna hybrids, Single cross 703 and Single cross 704 in Andimeshk.

Keywords

References

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  © 2022 by the authors. Licensee SCU, Ahvaz, Iran. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0 license) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture)
Volume 45, Issue 1
April 2022
Pages 39-44

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