تاثیر باکتری اندوفیت .Enterobacter sp جداشده از ریشه ریحان روی تحریک رشد و مهار بیماری شانکر باکتریایی گیاهچه گوجه فرنگی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام . ایلام .ایران

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

4 استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

شانکر باکتریایی گوجه‌فرنگی با عامل(Cmm) Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis از بیماری‌های محدود کننده کشت گوجه‌فرنگی است. در این پژوهش 16 باکتری اندوفیت جدا شده از ریحان از نظر خاصیت ضد باکتریایی در آزمایشگاه علیه عامل شانکر باکتریایی و تحریک رشد و افزایش فنل کل گیاهچه‌های گوجه‌فرنگی آزمایش شدند. در مرحله بعد بهترین باکتری جهت مهار شانکر باکتریایی روی گیاهچه‌های گوجه‌فرنگی در شرایط گلخانه آزمایش گردید. همچنین تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی مرتبط با فنل کل،کاتالاز و پراکسیداز در گیاهچه‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نهایتا شناسایی مولکولی بهترین جدایه باکتری توسط آغازگرهای RNA ریبوزومی 16S صورت گرفت. هیچکدام از باکتری-های اندوفیت خاصیت ضد باکتریایی علیه شانکر باکتریایی در شرایط آزمایشگاه نشان ندادند، اما جدایه ReA1 بیشترین ویژگی‌های تحریک رشد شامل وزن‌تر و خشک، ارتفاع ساقه و افزایش فنل کل را در مقایسه با سایر باکتری‌ها نشان داد. با فرض اثر احتمالی جدایه ReA1 در مکانیسم القای مقاومت در گوجه فرنگی، این جدایه علیه باکتری Cmm استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که این باکتری سبب کاهش پنجاه درصدی بیماری و افزایش فاکتورهای رشدی در گوجه فرنگی می‌شود. همچنین آنزیم های آنتی‌اکسیدانی شامل پراکسیداز،کاتالاز و میزان فنل کل در گیاهان تیمار شده با جدایه ReA1 در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش نشان دادند. براساس نتایج حاصل از توالی یابی جدایه ReA1 به عنوان باکتری sp. Enterobacter تشخیص داده شد. ریحان گیاه غیرمیزبان برای Cmm می‌باشد و باکتری‌های اندوفیت ریحان اثر مستقیم ضد باکتریایی علیه Cmm نداشتند. در عین حال sp. Enterobacter جدایه ReA1 قادر به مهار زیستی شانکر باکتریایی گوجه‌فرنگی با مکانیسم احتمالی القاء مقاومت بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of endophytic bacterium Enterobacter sp. isolated from basil on growth stimulation and control of tomato seedling bacterial canker disease

نویسندگان [English]

  • T. Salimi 1
  • M. R. Alymanesh 2
  • A. Fazeli 3
  • M. Bagnazari 4
1 Master student, Faculty of agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives

Bacterial canker of tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Cmm, is one of the limiting diseases of tomato cultivation. Because of the chemical control problems, biological control methods are used to control this disease in the recent investigation. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual herbaceous plant from the Lamiaceae family, and various endophytic bacteria have been reported from this plant. Also, many studies have shown that endophytic bacteria have the ability to stimulate growth and control many plant diseases. Therefore, in recent research, it was tried for the first time to test endophytic bacteria isolated from basil plant against tomato bacterial canker.

Materials and Methods

In this research, 16 endophytic bacteria isolated from basil. They were tested for their antibacterial properties against tomato bacterial canker in laboratory conditions using chloroform vapor method. Also, the effect of these bacteria on increasing total phenol and growth factors, including fresh weight, dry weight and seedling height were investigated. In the next step, the best bacteria in terms of growth factors were used to control bacterial canker, on tomato seedlings, under greenhouse conditions. Next, the physiological changes related to total phenol, catalase and peroxidase were investigated. Finally, molecular identification was done by PCR using universal 16SrRNA gene-specific primers ,27f and 1492r, DNA sequencing and BlastN in NCBI Genebank.

Results

None of the endophytic bacteria showed antibacterial properties against bacterial canker under laboratory conditions. ReA1 isolate showed the highest growth stimulation and total phenol increasing compared to other bacteria therefore, it was used against tomato bacterial canker and reduced the disease by nearly fifty percent. Also, the growth factors were increased compared to the infected and healthy controls after inoculation with ReA1. In addition, the amount of peroxidase, catalase and total phenol increased in plants treated with ReA1 isolate compared to the control. So that the amount of total phenol, peroxidase and catalase, respectively from the highest to the lowest, was related to the application of ReA1 and Cmm, ReA1 alone, Cmm alone and the control without bacteria. ReA1 isolate was detected as Enterobacter sp. by DNA sequencing results.

Discussion

Recent research showed that Enterobacter sp. strain ReA1 isolated from a plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family (basil) was tested on tomato plants from the Solanaceae family, which was able to reduce tomato bacterial canker disease without direct antibacterial effect. The main possible effects of this bacterium are related to the phenomenon of induced resistance in the plant and the increase of defensive and antimicrobial compounds in the plant. This control effect on the different plant species belonging to Solanaceae, the possibility that this bacterium could be used as a biocontrol agent on many kinds of plants and against a wide range of diseases. It also stimulated the growth of the plant, which makes possible the simultaneous use of this bacterium as a fertilizer and biocontrol agent.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis
  • Biological Control
  • Total phenol
  • Induction of Resistance

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گیاه پزشکی
دوره 46، شماره 1
اردیبهشت 1402
صفحه 39-55

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