Adams, R. P. (2004). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Allured Publishing Corporation.456 p.
Aghraz, A., Benameur, Q., Gervasi, T., Ait Dra, L., Ben-Mahdi, M. H., Larhsini, M., & Cicero, N. (2018). Antibacterial activity of Cladanthus arabicus and Bubonium imbricatum essential oils alone and in combination with conventional antibiotics against Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 67(2), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13007
Alegbeleye, O., Odeyemi, O. A., Strateva, M., & Stratev, D. (2022). Microbial spoilage of vegetables, fruits and cereals. Applied Food Research, 2(1), 100122.
Ansari, N., Hasanzadeh, N., & Rezaee, M. B. (2013). Antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. on Pseudomonas tolaasii under In vitro & In vivo conditions. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 28(4), 709-719. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijmapr.2013.2921
Azizpanah, A., Aliakbari, M., Mirzaee, K., Mohammadi, M., Ranjbar, M. E., & Azizpanah, A. (2023). Maintaining the quality and increasing shelf life of button mushroom by using essential oil of some medicinal plants in packaging containers. Journal of Vegetable Science, 7(2), 131–147. https://doi.org/10.22034/iuvs.2023.1995797.1274
Bahraminejad, S., Seifolahpour, B., & Amiri, R. (2016). Antifungal effects of some medicinal and aromatic plant essential oils against Alternaria solani. Journal of Crop Protection, 5(4), 603–616. https://doi.org/10.18869/modares.jcp.5.4.603
Bauer, A. W., Kirby, W. M. M., Sherris, J. C., & Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4), 493–496. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/45.4_ts.493
Behbahani, B. A., Yazdi, F. T., Vasiee, A., & Mortazavi, S. A. (2018). Oliveria decumbens essential oil: Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activity against the growth of some clinical and standard strains causing infection. Microbial Pathogenesis, 114, 449–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.033
Bhandari, N. L., Khadka, S., Dhungana, B. R., Bhandari, G., Bhatt, T. D., & Pandey, D. P. P. (2021). Study of phyto- and physicochemical analysis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oil extract of Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels leaves. Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B, 3(2), 109–119. https://doi.org/10.22034/ajcb.2021.254741.1067
Chimnoi, N., Reuk-Ngam, N., Chuysinuan, P., Khlaychan, P., Khunnawutmanotham, N., Chokchaichamnankit, D., … Techasakul, S. (2018). Characterization of essential oil from Ocimum gratissimum leaves: Antibacterial and mode of action against selected gastroenteritis pathogens. Microbial Pathogenesis, 118, 290–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.041
Davies, N. W. (1990). Gas chromatographic retention indices of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes on methyl silicon and Carbowax 20M phases. Journal of Chromatography A, 503, 1–24.
de Souza, E. J. D., de Oliveira Pacheco, C., de Lima Costa, I. H., Dias, A. R., & da Rosa Zavareze, E. (2024). Applications of nanotechnology in essential oil protection to extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables: A review. Food Control, 111044. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111044
Dhifi, W., Bellili, S., Jazi, S., Bahloul, N., & Mnif, W. (2016). Essential oils’ chemical characterization and investigation of some biological activities: A critical review. Medicines, 3(4), 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines3040025
Hadavand, S. (2016). The carvacrol level and antibacterial properties of industrial and laboratory essential oils of the wild and cultivated Satureja khuzestanica. BMJ Open, 7(Suppl 1), bmjopen-015415.119. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015415.119
Hajibonabi, A., Yekani, M., Sharifi, S., Nahad, J. S., Dizaj, S. M., & Memar, M. Y. (2023). Antimicrobial activity of nanoformulations of carvacrol and thymol: New trend and applications. OpenNano, 100170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onano.2023.100170
Hamidizade, M., Taghavi, S. M., Moallem, M., Aeini, M., Fazliarab, A., Abachi, H., … Osdaghi, E. (2023). Ewingella americana: An emerging multifaceted pathogen of edible mushrooms. Phytopathology, 113(1), 150–159. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-22-0299-R
Hou, F., Chen, X., Yi, F., Song, L., Zhan, S., Han, X., & Liu, Z. (2024). Antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of cinnamon essential oil on Pseudomonas tolaasii and application of potato starch/CEO active pads in preservation of mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). Food Control, 165, 110705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110705
Jamshidi, N., Darvishnia, M., Bazgir, E., & et al. (2023). Antibacterial activity of some plant-derived essential oils against plant pathogenic bacteria. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 130(4), 853–865. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-023-00765-1
Khameneh, B., Eskin, N. A. M., Iranshahy, M., & Fazly Bazzaz, B. S. (2021). Phytochemicals: A promising weapon in the arsenal against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antibiotics, 10(9), 1044. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10091044
Kumar, A., Kanwar, R., & Mehta, S. K. (2025). Nanoemulsion as an effective delivery vehicle for essential oils: Properties, formulation methods, destabilizing mechanisms and applications in agri-food sector. Next Nanotechnology, 7, 100096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nxnano.2024.100096
Mączka, W., Twardawska, M., Grabarczyk, M., & Wińska, K. (2023). Carvacrol—a natural phenolic compound with antimicrobial properties. Antibiotics, 12(5), 824. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050824
Masyita, A., Sari, R. M., Astuti, A. D., Yasir, B., Rumata, N. R., Emran, T. B., & Simal-Gandara, J. (2022). Terpenes and terpenoids as main bioactive compounds of essential oils, their roles in human health and potential application as natural food preservatives. Food Chemistry: X, 13, 100217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100217
Matasyoh, L. G. (2012). Genetic variation and medicinal activity in Ocimum gratissimum L. of Kenya [Doctoral dissertation]. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/600
Memar, M. Y., Raei, P., Alizadeh, N., Aghdam, M. A., & Kafil, H. S. (2017). Carvacrol and thymol: Strong antimicrobial agents against resistant isolates. Reviews in Research Medical Microbiology, 28(3), 63–68. https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000100
Mimica-Dukić, N., Bugarin, D., Grbović, S., Mitić-Ćulafić, D., Vuković-Gačić, B., Orčić, D., … Couladis, M. (2010). Essential oil of Myrtus communis L. as a potential antioxidant and antimutagenic agents. Molecules, 15(4), 2759–2770. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15042759
Moallem, M., Hamidizade, M., Taghavi, S. M., Aeini, M., Abachi, H., Haghighi, S., … Osdaghi, E. (2024). Rarity of Pseudomonas agarici on edible mushrooms associated with susceptibility to biological competition. Plant Disease, 108(9), 2778–2787. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-24-0374-RE
Mousavifar, S. Z. , Mirzaei Najafgholi, H. , Darvishnia, M. and Mumivand, H. (2023). Evaluation of antibacterial properties of lemon essential oil and five types of mint on pathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas citri subsp citri, X. gardneri and X. perforans. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 45(4), 37-51. doi: 10.22055/ppr.2022.17931
Ntezurubanza, L. J. J. C., Scheffer, J. J. C., Looman, A., & Svendsen, A. B. (1984). Composition of essential oil of Ocimum kilimandscharicum grown in Rwanda. Planta Medica, 50(5), 385–388. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969744
Opiyo, S. A. (2022). Chemical composition of essential oils from Ocimum kilimandscharicum: A review. Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC), 15(11), 05–11.
Osdaghi, E., Martins, S. J., Ramos-Sepulveda, L., Vieira, F. R., Pecchia, J. A., Beyer, D. M., … Bull, C. T. (2019). 100 years since Tolaas: Bacterial blotch of mushrooms in the 21st century. Plant Disease, 103(11), 2714–2732. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-19-0589-FE
Oyedeji, O. O., Lawal, O. A., Shode, F. O., & Oyedeji, A. O. (2009). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oils of Callistemon citrinus and Callistemon viminalis from South Africa. Molecules, 14(6), 1990–1998. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14061990
Pandey, A. K., Kumar, P., Singh, P., Tripathi, N. N., & Bajpai, V. K. (2017). Essential oils: Sources of antimicrobials and food preservatives. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7, 2161. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.02161
Parvin, N., Validi, M., Banitalebi, M., Mobini, G., Ashrafi, K., Farrokhi, E., & Safdari, F. (2010). Effect of medicinal smokes on some nosocomial infection factors. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 12(3), 76–83.
Pavela, R., & Benelli, G. (2016). Essential oils as ecofriendly biopesticides? Challenges and constraints. Trends in plant science, 21(12), 1000-1007. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.10.005
Pierozan, M. B., Oliveira Filho, J. G., Cappato, L. P., Costa, A. C., & Egea, M. B. (2024). Essential oils against spoilage in fish and seafood: Impact on product quality and future challenges. Foods, 13(23), 3903. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233903
Rashidipour, M., Ezatpour, B., Talei, G. R., & Pournia, Y. (2016). The carvacrol level and antibacterial properties of industrial and laboratory essential oils of the wild and cultivated Satureja khuzestanica. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 19(3), 519–528. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2014.935046
Rueda, X. Y., & Mogollón, O. F. C. (2012). Composición química y actividad antibacteriana del aceite esencial de las especies Eucalyptus globulus y E. camaldulensis de tres zonas de Pamplona (Colombia). Bistua Revista Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, 10(1), 52–61.
Silva, M. V., de Lima, A. D. C. A., Silva, M. G., Caetano, V. F., de Andrade, M. F., da Silva, R. G. C., & Vinhas, G. M. (2024). Clove essential oil and eugenol: A review of their significance and uses. Food Bioscience, 105112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2024.105112
Smith-Palmer, A., Stewart, J., & Fyfe, L. (2001). The potential application of plant essential oils as natural food preservatives in soft cheese. Food Microbiology, 18(4), 463–470.
Soković, M., & van Griensven, L. J. (2006). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and their components against the three major pathogens of the cultivated button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 116(3), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-006-9053-0
Tavvabi-Kashani, N., Hasanpour, M., Rahimi, V. B., Vahdati-Mashhadian, N., & Askari, V. R. (2024). Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and recent advances in eugenol’s potential benefits against natural and chemical noxious agents: A mechanistic review. Toxicon, 107607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107607
Vashisath, S., Kapoor, S., Kumari, V., Butt, S., & Kumar, D. (2024). Comparative studies of essential oil composition and biological activities of Callistemon citrinus from Western Himalaya. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 21(6), e202301129. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202301129
Zakaria Nabti, L., Sahli, F., Laouar, H., Olowo-Okere, A., Nkuimi Wandjou, J. G., & Maggi, F. (2020). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from the Algerian endemic Origanum glandulosum Desf. against multidrug-resistant uropathogenic E. coli isolates. Antibiotics, 9(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9010029
Zhou, Y., Li, W. B., Kumar, V., Necibi, M. C., Mu, Y. J., Shi, C. Z., & Sirohi, R. (2022). Synthetic organic antibiotics residues as emerging contaminants waste-to-resources processing for a circular economy in China: Challenges and perspective. Environmental Research, 211, 113075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113075
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee SCU, Ahvaz, Iran. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0 license) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.