گیاه پزشکی

گیاه پزشکی

ارزیابی مقایسه‌ای راهبردهای مختلف کنترل کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای Tetranychus urticae Koch در کشت خیار گلخانه‌ای

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی -انگلیسی

نویسندگان
گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، استان مازندران، ساری، ایران
چکیده
کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای، Tetranychus urticae Koch یکی از مهم‌ترین و زیان‌بارترین آفات اقتصادی در گلخانه‌های تجاری ایران به شمار می‌رود که مدیریت آن به‌طور سنتی عمدتاً بر پایه استفاده از کنه‌کش‌های شیمیایی استوار بوده است. این تحقیق در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و سه تکرار اجرا شد. به‌منظور اطمینان از صحت نتایج، آزمایش در سه بازه زمانی مجزا تکرار شد. تیمارها شامل دو عامل کنترل بیولوژیک Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot  و Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot ، دو نوع کود سیلیکونی (سیلیکاپرایم و فرمولایف سیلیکون) و یک کنه‌کش شیمیایی (اتوکسازول SC10%) بود که با تیمار شاهد مقایسه شدند. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل واریانس (ANOVA) نشان داد که بین تیمارها از نظر درصد تلفات در روزهای مختلف پس از تیمار (DAT) تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح یک درصد وجود داشت. بیشترین میزان تلفات (93 درصد) در تیمار  P. persimilis در ۵۰ روز پس از تیمار مشاهده شد و پس از آن تیمارهای اتوگزازول (82 درصد) و سیلیکاپرایم (78 درصد) قرار گرفتند. همچنین تیمارهای فرمولایف‌سیلیکون و A. swirskii به‌ترتیب منجر به 67 و 54 درصد تلفات شدند که این تفاوت‌ها از نظر آماری معنی‌دار بود. علاوه بر این، کمترین شاخص خسارت برگی (LDI) در تیمار P. persimilis (60/0) ثبت شد و پس از آن به ترتیب تیمارهای سیلیکاپرایم (27/1)، A. swirskii (73/1)، فرمولایف‌ سیلیکون (87/1) و اتوگزازول (87/2) قرار گرفتند و بالاترین میزان خسارت (88/4) در تیمار شاهد مشاهده شد. این نتایج نشان می‌دهد که می‌توان کنه تارتن دولکه‌ای را در گلخانه‌های خیار با استفاده از کنه شکارگر P. persimilis به‌همراه کودهای سیلیکاتی، به‌طور مؤثر مدیریت کرد و کارایی بالاتر کنترل بیولوژیک نسبت به مبارزه شیمیایی را اثبات نمود. این روش نه ‌تنها موجب کاهش نیاز به کنه‌کش‌های شیمیایی می‌شود، بلکه به حفظ محیط زیست و سلامت محصول نهایی نیز کمک می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Comparative evaluation of different control strategies for managing two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch in cucumber greenhouse

نویسندگان English

M. Alinejad
B. Amiri-Besheli
M. Shayanmehr
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mazandaran Province, Sari, Iran
چکیده English

The two-spotted spider mite (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the most economically damaging pests in commercial Iranian greenhouse, where pest management has traditionally relied on synthetic acaricides. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and three replicates. To ensure the reliability of the results, the experiment was repeated across three different time periods. The treatments included two biological control agents, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, two silicon-based fertilizers (Fermolife Silicon® and Silica Prime®), and one chemical acaricide Etoxazole (Baroque®, SC 10%), compared with an untreated control. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a significant difference in mortality percentage among treatments at different days after treatment (DAT) (P < 0.01). The highest mortality rate (92.91%) was observed in plots treated with P. persimilis at 50 DAT, followed by Etoxazole (82.13%) and Silica Prime (78.41%). F. Silicon and A. swirskii treatments also resulted in 67.27% and 53.92% mortality, respectively, with significant differences among treatments. Additionally, the lowest leaf damage index (LDI) was recorded for P. persimilis (0.60), followed by Silica Prime (1.27), A. swirskii (1.73), F. Silicon (1.87), and Etoxazole (2.87). These findings indicate that TSSM can be effectively managed on greenhouse cucumbers using P. persimilis, in combination with silicon-based fertilizers, demonstrating the superior efficacy of biological control compared to chemical control. This integrated approach not only reduces the reliance on chemical acaricides but also contributes to environmental protection and the safety of the final product.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Biological control
Silicon-based fertilizers
Phytoseiid mites
Tetranychidae
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