گیاه پزشکی

گیاه پزشکی

نوسانات جمعیت سرخرطومی حنایی خرما، Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier در نخلستان‌های جنوب کرمان

نوع مقاله : گزارش کوتاه-انگلیسی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، جیرفت، ایران
چکیده
سرخرطومی حنایی خرما، Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus Olivier کلیدی ترین آفت خانواده نخیلات در سراسر دنیا می­باشد که خسارت شدید آن روی درختان خرما می­تواند منجر به مرگ آنها گردد. در پژوهش حاضر، نوسانات جمعیت آفت با استفاده از تله­های فرمون تجمعی (Econex, Spain) در نخلستان­های  شهرستان عنبرآباد، استان کرمان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نمونه­برداری به صورت هفتگی از فروردین تا اسفند 1402 انجام شد. علاوه بر این، تاثیر دما به عنوان یک عامل غیرزیستی بر تغییرات جمعیت آفت نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، اولین حشرات کامل سرخرطومی حنایی خرما در منطقه مورد بررسی، در اواخر فروردین‌ ماه جلب تله­ها شدند و جمعیت آفت به تدریج تا رسیدن به اوج خود در ماه­های خرداد، تیر و مرداد افزایش یافت. طی نمونه­برداری­ها، تعداد حشرات کامل ماده جلب شده به تله­های فرمونی (26/2 برابر) بیشتر از حشرات کامل نر بود. از اوایل آبان ماه تا اواسط بهمن ماه هیچ حشره کاملی جلب تله­ها نشد ولی از هفته سوم اسفند ماه فعالیت مجدد آفت شروع شد. در دوره فعالیت آفت (از فروردین ‌ماه تا مهر ‌ماه 1402) همبستگی مثبت معنی‌داری بین تغییرات دما و نوسانات جمعیت آفت وجود داشت. به طوری که، افزایش دما با افزایش تعداد حشرات کامل جلب شده به تله­های فرمونی همراه بود. در کل نتایج پژوهش حاضر، اطلاعاتی در مورد زمان ظهور، دوره فعالیت و عدم فعالیت حشرات بالغ سرخرطومی حنایی خرما در طبیعت و نیز روند تغییرات جمعیت آن فراهم کرد که می­تواند در اعمال و توسعه روش­های مدیریت تلفیقی آفت در نخلستان­های جنوب استان کرمان قابل استفاده باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Population fluctuations of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier in date palm orchards in southern Kerman

نویسندگان English

M. Pahlavan Yali 1
P. Namvar 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Plant Protection Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran
چکیده English

The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier is one of the key pests of date palm trees worldwide, and its severe damage can lead to the death of the trees. In the present study, the population fluctuations of the adults of this pest were studied in date palm orchards of Anbarabad County, Kerman Province, using aggregation pheromone traps. Weekly sampling was conducted from March 2023 to March 2024. Furthermore, the effect of temperature, as an abiotic factor, on the population fluctuations of the pest was investigated. Based on the results, the first red palm weevil adults in the studied area were attracted to the traps in late March, and the pest population increased gradually to reach its peak in June, July, and August. During the samplings, the number of adult females attracted to the pheromone traps was 2.26 times higher than those of adult males. No adult insects were attracted to the traps from the third week of October to the third week of February. However, the pest activity resumed in March. During the active period of the pest, a significant positive correlation was found between temperature and population fluctuations. Any temperature rise was accompanied by an increase in the number of adult insects attracted to the pheromone traps. In conclusion, the results of this study provided important information about R. ferrugineus, including its appearance date in the environment, its activity and inactivity period, and population trends. This information could be valuable for developing integrated pest management strategies in date palm orchards of Kerman Province.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

pheromone trap
temperature changes
population peak
date palm tree
Integrated Pest Management
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