تأثیر میزبان‌های مختلف غلات بر ویژگی‌های رشد جمعیتی شب پره‌ی مدیترانه‌ای آرد Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی-فارسی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

شب‌پره‌ی‌ مدیترانه‌ای آرد، Ephestia kuehniella Zeller، آفتی همه‌جازی بوده و دارای طیف میزبانی گسترده روی فرآورده‌های انباری است. در پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر ارقام و گونه‌های مختلف غلات شامل گندم (ارقام معراج، آفتاب و پایا)، جو (ارقام اکسین، فردان و فراز)، برنج (رقم هاشمی)، ذرت (هیبرید 704)، سورگوم (رقم اسپیدفید)، چاودار (رقم دانکو) و ارزن (رقم مرواریدی) روی فراسنجه‌های زیستی و جمعیتی شب‌پره‌ی‌ مدیترانه‌ای آرد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. علاوه بر این، برخی از ویژگی‌های شیمیایی و فیزیکی میزبان‌های مختلف غلات نیز مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت تا ارتباط احتمالی بین این خصوصیات با فراسنجه‌های جدول زندگی آفت  نیز مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که طولانی‌ترین طول مدت دوره نابالغ بید آرد روی میزبان ارزن (57/66 روز) و کوتاه‌ترین دوره پیش از بلوغ روی میزبان‌های گندم (ارقام پایا و آفتاب)، برنج و ذرت بود. میزان زادآوری روی میزبان ارزن (92/2±10/49 تخم) به طور معنی‌داری کمتر از بقیه غلات بود، در حالی‌که بیش‌ترین مقدار آن روی میزبان ذرت (36/7±18/136 تخم) به‌دست آمد. بیشترین مقدار نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) مربوط به حشرات پرورش یافته روی میزبان ذرت (067/0 بر روز) و کمترین آن مربوط به حشرات پرورش یافته روی میزبان ارزن (033/0 بر روز) مشاهده شد. هم‌چنین، بین فراسنجه‌های زیستی آفت همبستگی مثبت یا منفی با درصد رطوبت، شاخص سختی، غلظت پروتئین و نشاسته غلات مختلف وجود داشت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که میزبان‌های ارزن و سورگوم به عنوان میزبان‌های نسبتا مقاوم و بالعکس، گندم (رقم معراج) و ذرت به‌عنوان مطلوب‌ترین میزبان جهت پرورش انبوه شب‌پره مدیترانه‌ای بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

). Effect of various cereal hosts on population growth traits of the mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Pashaei 1
  • J. Razmjou 2
  • H. Rafiee Dastjerdi 2
  • A. Ebadollahi 3
  • B. Naseri 2
1 M. Sc. Graduate Student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, Moghan of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives
The Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is one of the world’s most significant pests of stored products. E. kuehniella eggs and larvae are widely used in rearing parasitoids and predators for biological control programs. The purpose of this study was to look at the effects of various cereal hosts and cultivars, including wheat (Meraj, Paya and Aftab cultivars), barley (Oxin, Faraz and Fardan cultivars), rice (Hashemi cultivar), maize (704 Hybrid), sorghum (Spidfit cultivar), rye (Danko cultivar) and millet (Morvaridi cultivar) on life history variables, biological characteristics and population growth parameters of E. kuehniella. In addition, biochemical (protein and starch contents) and physical (humidity and hardiness index) characteristics of the cereal hosts were evaluated to understand any possible correlation between important demographic parameters and biochemical and biological features of the cereal hosts.
Materials and Methods
The E. kuehniella larvae were reared in a growth chamber at 26 ± 2°C, 60 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) hours on each cereal host. The duration of each stage, developmental period, and survival rate were observed and recorded daily. TWOSEX-MS Chart was used to analyze the life table parameters of E. kuehniella. The biochemical metabolites of cereals were measured using Bradford’s (1976) and Bernfeld’s (1955) methods.
Results
Our findings showed that various kinds of cereal significantly impact the life history and demographical parameters of E. kuehniella. The millet host had the longest development time (66.57 days), while the rice and maize hosts had the shortest on Paya and Aftab cultivars. Total fecundity (mean number of eggs laid during the reproductive period) of E. kuehniella varied significantly depending on the hosts tested. The lowest fecundity values were observed on the millet host (49.10 ± 2.92 eggs), while the highest was on the maize host (136.18 ± 7.36 eggs). The maize host had the highest intrinsic rate of increase (0.067 day-1), and the millet host had the lowest (0.033 day-1) host. Significant differences in physical characteristics and biochemical metabolites were observed between the various hosts in this study. Furthermore, significant positive or negative associations were discovered between different hosts’ life history variables and humidity percentage, hardiness index, protein, and starch contents.
Discussion
According to the findings, sorghum (Spidfit cultivar) and millet (Morvaridi cultivar) were the least suitable (relatively resistant) hosts for E. kuehniella growth. In contrast, wheat (Meraj cultivar) and maize, on the other hand, were the most suitable hosts for the mass rearing of E. kuehniella.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diets
  • Life table
  • Primary plant metabolites
  • Cereal flour

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 © 2023 by the authors. Licensee SCU, Ahvaz, Iran. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0 license) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
گیاه پزشکی
دوره 45، شماره 4
اسفند 1401
صفحه 1-17

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